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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Multi-class Hierarchical Question Classification for Multiple Choice Science Exams

As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 14 of 14 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:1908.05441.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
1908.05441 v1

Coverage vector

measured 14 of 14 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T13:17:22.894772Z

measured 15 of 15 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T13:17:22.815845Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-14T13:17:22.945784Z

Reference resolution

14 of 14 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact1
  • verified fuzzy6
  • unresolved4
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier3
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation b4b31ed2-7dfe-4f30-a9b0-87d12dfd31cd · outbound

This paper cites Multi-class Hierarchical Question Classification for Multiple Choice Science Exams.

Multi-class Hierarchical Question Classification for Multiple Choice Science Exams Multi-class Hierarchical Question Classification for Multiple Choice Science Exams

Reference 1

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-14T13:17:22.953436Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T13:17:22.815845Z digest=sha256:a5b0ef86a95c1994eda7423d030db242500346f8528c772d8f9345070bb3e2ee

Observation 06f936da-4bee-45e3-9319-230a5ddf3dd4 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multi-class Hierarchical Question Classification for Multiple Choice Science Exams Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:17:23.140230Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T13:17:22.823285Z digest=sha256:0df46636b4e2c303f48699ba4fa95ebdd8b63a954e2fb7dda88d98ff1bf9eb6d

Observation 96e7aced-3fbf-4f64-a429-7edeb1858dab · outbound

This paper cites This is the first model to show consistent state-of-the- art performance across multiple question classification datasets.

Multi-class Hierarchical Question Classification for Multiple Choice Science Exams This is the first model to show consistent state-of-the- art performance across multiple question classification datasets

Reference 3

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:17:23.125551Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T13:17:22.828174Z digest=sha256:b76ac50421a8d37cbfdcb64eabd19f27e276a5e887acc77d6dbf64fad1e80868

Observation 8d7bfef8-32d5-4f22-aae9-dd06a8d6111d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multi-class Hierarchical Question Classification for Multiple Choice Science Exams Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution
malformed identifier
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:17:23.111354Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T13:17:22.834483Z digest=sha256:f57e55734b748d60b19edfe99a44182872ff33ffbce292ec48bc0bf58a7628ec

Observation 6bc23cd1-0f41-463d-ba7a-aa96957fcab6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multi-class Hierarchical Question Classification for Multiple Choice Science Exams Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution
malformed identifier
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:17:23.096217Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T13:17:22.839873Z digest=sha256:85011bee6eb383b869013511cc438fa5e39d53ae746f27bc7f2dcc8bf2aad384

Observation dc48bd1b-5fb1-4d28-be0c-189d2b1e9b0b · outbound

This paper cites Each question is a 4-choice multiple choice ques- tion.

Multi-class Hierarchical Question Classification for Multiple Choice Science Exams Each question is a 4-choice multiple choice ques- tion

Reference 6

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:17:23.080015Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T13:17:22.845331Z digest=sha256:1ae90ee047699a90afd8f6aeaacccd6c00b7929e3fb99a77ba0ecbfc8fb848c4

Observation 99c9d480-3f82-445d-86cb-179bf5619719 · outbound

This paper cites environments.

Multi-class Hierarchical Question Classification for Multiple Choice Science Exams environments

Reference 7

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:17:23.064868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T13:17:22.851065Z digest=sha256:1b4718f06ae6556b0d31f3f183493a217ee98de4777b05650a2f829164f5a43a

Observation 17ec3dee-a5ad-4597-bb71-ddb640dcb80f · outbound

This paper cites MAT COS BOILING.

Multi-class Hierarchical Question Classification for Multiple Choice Science Exams MAT COS BOILING

Reference 8

Resolution
malformed identifier
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:17:23.049582Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T13:17:22.856980Z digest=sha256:5454e98151894e1a5dfdadf81df13f87363ee2b87d164c899716157a72586d28

Observation cf25ebf6-69aa-44c8-93ad-66fea412cede · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multi-class Hierarchical Question Classification for Multiple Choice Science Exams Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:17:23.034586Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T13:17:22.862637Z digest=sha256:88437c4a50eec29d47ef2ff39e4c230597a185645dae0e2c059e5d1202f19969

Observation 76f538b1-01e9-4782-9a84-dbdc279a9400 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Multi-class Hierarchical Question Classification for Multiple Choice Science Exams Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution
unresolved
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:17:23.019253Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T13:17:22.870875Z digest=sha256:6f7e4d27c781356acdbae9524683a00b8bfd234bcfadc97c42f5cd9dc84ba61d

Observation 6500b400-ca87-4aaa-9580-77a564998607 · outbound

This paper cites We thank the Allen Insi- tute for Artificial Intelligence and National Science Founa- tion (NSF 1815948 to PJ) for funding this work.

Multi-class Hierarchical Question Classification for Multiple Choice Science Exams We thank the Allen Insi- tute for Artificial Intelligence and National Science Founa- tion (NSF 1815948 to PJ) for funding this work

Reference 11

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:17:23.001051Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T13:17:22.876980Z digest=sha256:bdad6b047718fdb04f41453418e223a03461ec0f9849d460576493d9793a1c26

Observation 30bc1914-4661-47d7-b053-dc7eb6f63e51 · outbound

This paper cites Annotation Classification Taxonomy: The full classification taxonomy is included in separate files, both coupled with definitions, and as a graphical visualization.

Multi-class Hierarchical Question Classification for Multiple Choice Science Exams Annotation Classification Taxonomy: The full classification taxonomy is included in separate files, both coupled with definitions, and as a graphical visualization

Reference 12

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:17:22.984813Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T13:17:22.882618Z digest=sha256:9bd4e7d4ed186b756e1fb61c5ecd2be7f51c99707c6b76bbd6715f4555c1d9bb

Observation 6918d6f2-f30b-4291-ad92-f3f1cf25f0f7 · outbound

This paper cites Think you have Solved Question Answering? Try ARC, the AI2 Reasoning Challenge.

Multi-class Hierarchical Question Classification for Multiple Choice Science Exams Think you have Solved Question Answering? Try ARC, the AI2 Reasoning Challenge

Reference 14

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-14T13:17:22.894772Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T13:17:22.894772Z digest=sha256:7e69c5d59f16a3191684d1ab97afe4f4f89a34e1f97c020d67e7df8b0f6f762f

Observation 53639988-36f2-4d45-a925-08167baa3198 · outbound

This paper cites cat” is distance 10 away from living thing , “car.

Multi-class Hierarchical Question Classification for Multiple Choice Science Exams cat” is distance 10 away from living thing , “car

Reference 2014

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:17:22.969160Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T13:17:22.888476Z digest=sha256:e557256463c028ab07c4d77eec3caad7c48645802b6c69e7a52ed117225fe6fc

Pith citing papers

Observation b4b31ed2-7dfe-4f30-a9b0-87d12dfd31cd · inbound

Multi-class Hierarchical Question Classification for Multiple Choice Science Exams cites this paper.

Multi-class Hierarchical Question Classification for Multiple Choice Science Exams Multi-class Hierarchical Question Classification for Multiple Choice Science Exams

Reference 1

Resolution
verified exact
local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-14T13:17:22.953436Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-15T06:32:42.880941+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-14T13:17:22.815845Z digest=sha256:a5b0ef86a95c1994eda7423d030db242500346f8528c772d8f9345070bb3e2ee