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Observation of conformal symmetry breaking and scale invariance in expanding Fermi gases

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arxiv 1308.3162 v3 pith:QJ2AX3ZS submitted 2013-08-14 cond-mat.quant-gas

classification cond-mat.quant-gas
keywords langlerangleanisotropicbreakingcloudconformalfermiflow
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abstract

We precisely test scale invariance and local thermal equilibrium in the hydrodynamic expansion of a Fermi gas of atoms as a function of interaction strength. After release from an anisotropic optical trap, we observe that a resonantly interacting gas obeys scale-invariant hydrodynamics, where the mean square cloud size $\langle{\mathbf{r}}^2\rangle=\langle x^2+y^2+z^2\rangle$ expands ballistically (like a noninteracting gas) and the energy-averaged bulk viscosity is consistent with zero, $0.005(0.016)\,\hbar\,n$, with $n$ the density. In contrast, the aspect ratios of the cloud exhibit anisotropic "elliptic" flow with an energy-dependent shear viscosity. Tuning away from resonance, we observe conformal symmetry breaking, where $\langle{\mathbf{r}}^2\rangle$ deviates from ballistic flow.

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. Universal Description of Decoherence in Scale-Invariant Environments

    hep-ph 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    Decoherence in scale-invariant environments is uniquely equivalent to an unparticle bath characterized by scaling dimension d_U, which fixes all exponents via consistency relations and predicts a coherence-protection ...

  2. Few is different: deciphering many-body dynamics in mesoscopic quantum gases

    cond-mat.quant-gas 2025-09 unverdicted novelty 3.0 of 10

    A workshop report mapping the size, equilibrium, and interaction frontiers of hydrodynamic behavior in mesoscopic quantum systems, connecting few-atom Fermi gases and high-energy small collision systems.

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