Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:20.786183Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts
As of 16 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 44 of 44 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:1908.05691.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Coverage vector
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
Reference resolution
44 of 44 outbound references displayed
- verified exact0
- verified fuzzy36
- unresolved8
- parse uncertain0
- malformed identifier0
- metadata mismatch0
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Outbound references
Observation 5befdd38-3e2c-4fde-a457-e92f6a4f021a · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts Unresolved cited work
Reference 1
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.628212Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 0f494dc3-9a59-44dc-9ae3-9d2a83b368ab · outbound
This paper cites A single abbreviation can be interpreted as two different entities according to the context.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts A single abbreviation can be interpreted as two different entities according to the context
Reference 2
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.609153Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 532ce9ce-2b74-4643-9880-e0d3578fe6d2 · outbound
This paper cites For example, “myc-c” refers to the name of a gene or protein.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts For example, “myc-c” refers to the name of a gene or protein
Reference 3
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.586040Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 6c29d354-833b-43e1-a2f0-37d532d04e56 · outbound
This paper cites For example, CASP3, caspase-3, and CPP32 denote the same entity [2].
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts For example, CASP3, caspase-3, and CPP32 denote the same entity [2]
Reference 4
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.568657Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation b0cfa843-2145-4f0e-a44b-d021770119f3 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts Unresolved cited work
Reference 5
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.548547Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation e86624e2-7a51-49cd-afc3-f40ab0f36686 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts Unresolved cited work
Reference 6
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.531484Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 714b1405-11af-4ef2-9ce8-5f5440850f5b · outbound
This paper cites BP” (blood pressure) corresponding to laboratory test is a BioNE that occurs in “control BP.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts BP” (blood pressure) corresponding to laboratory test is a BioNE that occurs in “control BP
Reference 7
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.511918Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 4aaafb1b-da10-4650-bc1f-ecae8669de4a · outbound
This paper cites Approaches for Bio NER varies from dictionary -based, rule -based, Machine Learning (ML) to hybrid approaches.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts Approaches for Bio NER varies from dictionary -based, rule -based, Machine Learning (ML) to hybrid approaches
Reference 8
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.490991Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 24060177-b41c-4216-bb08-415f62f4821b · outbound
This paper cites The T cell surface molecule CD28 binds to ligands on accessory cells and APCs ,.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts The T cell surface molecule CD28 binds to ligands on accessory cells and APCs ,
Reference 9
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.472024Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 54d0d655-5418-4fe5-86ae-87c84e651cab · outbound
This paper cites These approaches depend es sentially on extracting feature set used for training the appropriate algorithm.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts These approaches depend es sentially on extracting feature set used for training the appropriate algorithm
Reference 10
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.454718Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 344cc849-9fe9-45c0-af72-b6a809a14ddd · outbound
This paper cites human proximal sequence element -binding transcription factor.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts human proximal sequence element -binding transcription factor
Reference 11
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.438630Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation d27a9ffe-aa36-4bae-a45a-6cdd3e324218 · outbound
This paper cites human",.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts human",
Reference 12
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.420248Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 74bfb2cd-b7e7-4392-bc2e-bb619fdfb0f5 · outbound
This paper cites To evaluate FROBES, we used a Bi-LSTM based model as a baseline system on JNLPBA and i2b2 datasets.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts To evaluate FROBES, we used a Bi-LSTM based model as a baseline system on JNLPBA and i2b2 datasets
Reference 13
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.401580Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation b1086ebb-7389-4125-b709-6dc6bc762b9d · outbound
This paper cites and Sundheim B.: Message Understanding Conference -6: a brief history.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts and Sundheim B.: Message Understanding Conference -6: a brief history
Reference 14
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.385327Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 7da1a732-213e-4f5a-8485-17f74381a5ab · outbound
This paper cites Tanabe and W.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts Tanabe and W
Reference 15
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.370588Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation e112946c-9479-4a52-8b87-91c988d4cda6 · outbound
This paper cites Ananiadou and J.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts Ananiadou and J
Reference 16
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.355614Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 8337c33f-af1b-4000-ac68-d24dc14693f5 · outbound
This paper cites and Zhang Z.: A generic classifier -ensemble approach for biomedical named entity recognition, Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, 86-97.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts and Zhang Z.: A generic classifier -ensemble approach for biomedical named entity recognition, Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, 86-97
Reference 17
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.339533Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 5b2d1819-300c-4e4e-855d-0758a0c5de5e · outbound
This paper cites BMC bioinformatics, 18(11), 385, (2017).
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts BMC bioinformatics, 18(11), 385, (2017)
Reference 18
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.322200Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 814774d2-d262-4163-9df6-77694aa67c20 · outbound
This paper cites In International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics (pp.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts In International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Systems and Informatics (pp
Reference 19
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.305217Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation a44b9c8f-4378-4d3a-b7df-dd10ca5f29ed · outbound
This paper cites IEEE transactions on neural networks , 5(2), 157-166, (1994).
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts IEEE transactions on neural networks , 5(2), 157-166, (1994)
Reference 20
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.287436Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation fd68fe0e-26b4-426b-9225-0f7b7db28075 · outbound
This paper cites I n International Conference on Machine Learning, pp.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts I n International Conference on Machine Learning, pp
Reference 21
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.268824Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation b34e5778-0f1e-48a3-b6ff-011faed78562 · outbound
This paper cites and Jürgen Schmidhuber.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts and Jürgen Schmidhuber
Reference 22
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.250726Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 55a0202c-4ddf-4647-bc57-7d1744a68a97 · outbound
This paper cites Neural Networks, 18(5), 602-610, (2005).
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts Neural Networks, 18(5), 602-610, (2005)
Reference 23
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.232388Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 96c2f4a5-aa31-4bfb-8dc4-59a323f921d3 · outbound
This paper cites and Frank G.: Tagging unknown proper names using decision trees.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts and Frank G.: Tagging unknown proper names using decision trees
Reference 24
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.213909Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 7db5ab9c-aef1-4e16-8640-a80afa2079e0 · outbound
This paper cites 173-179, (1999).
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts 173-179, (1999)
Reference 25
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.194954Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 94ae2ef3-03af-4dd4-ac49-9be3d48ecac9 · outbound
This paper cites Computational Linguistics and Chinese Language Processing vol.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts Computational Linguistics and Chinese Language Processing vol
Reference 26
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.178575Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 3bbf87ae-eea7-4d75-a651-048acde4b7d9 · outbound
This paper cites and Lu, B.-L.: Effective tag set selection in Chinese word segmentation via conditional random field modeling.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts and Lu, B.-L.: Effective tag set selection in Chinese word segmentation via conditional random field modeling
Reference 27
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.159634Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 43e02c3d-c798-4bca-ab61-211dada84237 · outbound
This paper cites "Design challenges and misconceptions in named entity recognition.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts "Design challenges and misconceptions in named entity recognition
Reference 28
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.142135Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation ef115697-4f5a-4efa-b7e2-e877169abb44 · outbound
This paper cites C., Okazaki N., Miwa M.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts C., Okazaki N., Miwa M
Reference 29
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.125653Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation ccafa7f5-1564-4455-9e18-ac6f2e7329e9 · outbound
This paper cites Marcus: Text chunking using transformation-based learning.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts Marcus: Text chunking using transformation-based learning
Reference 30
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.108976Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation aff92b47-98d4-4f74-9696-d6fbad702303 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts Unresolved cited work
Reference 31
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.091950Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 72f6173d-d219-4a0d-909b-e0b95d9d4010 · outbound
This paper cites In Proceedings of the second meeting of the North American Chapter of ACL on Language Technologies, pp.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts In Proceedings of the second meeting of the North American Chapter of ACL on Language Technologies, pp
Reference 32
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.065574Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation d1fe3f2c-71d4-4197-a183-9c5a757ca60e · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts Unresolved cited work
Reference 33
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.046969Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 0af2913f-3a0c-4618-80e8-1fdb7dbd7e09 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts Unresolved cited work
Reference 34
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.029826Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation b5422b44-f9f3-4680-af80-25a192bfd62a · outbound
This paper cites He and M.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts He and M
Reference 35
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:21.009636Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 171eb030-f10a-457a-8029-8d06e59518b7 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts Unresolved cited work
Reference 36
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:20.991408Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation cbddd450-cf4b-4fc1-8575-a240095a6c39 · outbound
This paper cites and Korhonen A.: A neural network multi-task learning approach to biomedical named entity recognition.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts and Korhonen A.: A neural network multi-task learning approach to biomedical named entity recognition
Reference 37
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:20.970079Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation f11effb6-0937-4f93-898d-7536e34e3812 · outbound
This paper cites In Pacific symposium on biocomputing, vol.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts In Pacific symposium on biocomputing, vol
Reference 38
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:20.949260Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 298f3723-e44b-4540-a9b2-85bf34e54bb6 · outbound
This paper cites Information Processing & Management, vol.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts Information Processing & Management, vol
Reference 39
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:20.927414Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 3cbd5559-fdd7-4135-9ce8-ece73d9e64db · outbound
This paper cites L., and Hamada A.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts L., and Hamada A
Reference 40
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:20.906231Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 9bde1a3c-e5ab-4d81-996f-1cf08242d327 · outbound
This paper cites Computer methods and programs in biomedicine vol.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts Computer methods and programs in biomedicine vol
Reference 41
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:20.887748Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation dce7f24d-ea0f-44cf-aefe-7384a94e1775 · outbound
This paper cites an unresolved cited work.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts Unresolved cited work
Reference 42
- Resolution
- unresolved
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:20.868062Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation 5d045f56-c1c7-4c1c-a493-75b4fcf15f46 · outbound
This paper cites South, Shuying Shen and Scott L.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts South, Shuying Shen and Scott L
Reference 43
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:20.850813Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Observation b1c1fef6-e3c2-40d6-a52e-82aacb6aba7f · outbound
This paper cites D., Ohta T., Tateisi Y.
Improving Multi-Word Entity Recognition for Biomedical Texts D., Ohta T., Tateisi Y
Reference 44
- Resolution
- verified fuzzy
- raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-14T13:10:20.832626Z
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-16T06:30:59.297886+00:00.
Pith citing papers
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.