Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T05:54:45.268512Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 14 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 50 of 50 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2608.11117.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T05:54:45.268512Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
50 of 50 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 9cf3e20b-b0ae-4a82-9325-8cad858e493c · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla A large variety of commercial MRI phantoms are available
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 3d1af690-965b-45b3-8d56-25f03bd34a0a · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla ) using: 𝜎(𝜔)= 𝜀𝜔𝜀
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation c5395313-a46d-4da3-b628-d2da2420d156 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Error bars represent uncertainties in nonlinear fits for T1 and T2 relaxation rates (R1 and R2, respectively) vs
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 515a19bf-beb8-42aa-83a0-549d89974084 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Unresolved cited work
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 06b1d027-791b-4215-a49c-76939bc2178a · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla We observed T2 decreasing with increasing field strength in PEG, PVA, sodium polyacrylate, and Mn(NO3)2
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation fb98cd98-5a84-4292-b15b-745c4992ea4c · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Principles of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 29d333eb-97fc-4578-8611-810902f25599 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla A review of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation in pathology: are T1 and T2 diagnostic? Med Phys
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation ab519e4d-dca7-4755-9e8f-a8f9bab15aab · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Effect of monovalent-divalent cation exchange on the swelling of polyacrylate hydrogels in physiological salt solutions
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 6fb289c0-befe-437c-b7b5-7e034bd2c47c · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla MRI phantoms - are there alternatives to agar? PLoS One
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 6aeff9af-2bd8-4529-9fd9-489927d9b715 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla New polyvinyl alcohol gel material for MRI phantoms
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 68e64142-d82a-45f8-9187-ff58e191aa9f · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Unresolved cited work
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation cbddf512-10ab-43d5-b390-ba6ba203d971 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Narrative review of tissue-mimicking materials for MRI phantoms: Composition, fabrication, and relaxation properties [published online ahead of print 20241022]
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 963c5f98-25d5-43df-8c70-98ec34906b73 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Temperature and concentration calibration of aqueous polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) solutions for isotropic diffusion MRI phantoms
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 2f6cec53-6087-42c8-a6f5-9a76132e97fd · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla An acetone-based phantom for quantitative diffusion MRI
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation c07e4115-60b6-425a-bd07-240df8464a96 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla MR relaxation times of agar-based tissue-mimicking phantoms [published online ahead of print 20220412]
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation ef365c46-8872-4f6c-804a-a4bee4fef6aa · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Fabrication of a spherical inclusion phantom for validation of magnetic resonance-based magnetic susceptibility imaging [published online ahead of print 20190805]
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 6c2bdfba-0222-4c1e-a388-7115c1c898bd · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Quantification of substitution of gelatin methacryloyl: Best practice and current pitfalls
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 19d77952-74c9-4833-b362-f42d9e5bd2eb · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Development of oil-in-gelatin phantoms for viscoelasticity measurement in ultrasound shear wave elastography [published online ahead of print 20131018]
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 44c2cff3-16a2-464e-a4c1-4b41409b1123 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Magnetic resonance imaging phantoms for quality-control of myocardial T1 and ECV mapping: specific formulation, long-term stability and variation with heart rate and temperature
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation c5acf7b8-9488-4024-b489-177de551a6e7 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Aqueous paramagnetic solutions for MRI phantoms at 3 T: A detailed study on relaxivities
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation adb8e316-f5eb-47e2-b5f1-412c7352a02a · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Electrical properties of vegetable oils between 20 Hz and 2 MHz
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 132519b3-f3de-4656-847b-0b2904f809c6 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla A heterogeneous human tissue mimicking phantom for RF heating and MRI thermal monitoring verification [published online ahead of print 20120320]
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation ebea5020-21c6-413f-951a-16ceabdebd52 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Design of a breast phantom for quantitative MRI [published online ahead of print 20160307]
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 6996a65e-dcd8-46f8-bd3f-491b687d6c90 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Development of an anthropomorphic spine phantom suitable for fusion of MR neurography with interventional flat-panel CT [published online ahead of print 20190121]
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 6c502d76-4455-4f7b-8bb8-1d863a4109ce · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla An improved technique for permittivity measurements using a coaxial probe
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 594cce64-6bb3-4ddc-b8d8-f7f3de3cee9c · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Dielectric measurement: error analysis and assessment of uncertainty
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 5ec6c70e-3495-455d-941f-c378ec3d4d99 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Dispersion and absorption in dielectrics: I
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation bac4a1c1-f959-4b7e-97c4-a55e33a316cc · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Technical Note: T1 and T2 and complex permittivities of mineral oil, silicone oil, and glycerol at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 T
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 5efe805a-79f1-4cbf-8baa-f119f9d7f987 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Permittivity measurements using open-ended sensors and reference liquid calibration-an uncertainty analysis
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation e449e655-f9b0-4dc2-81c1-987965888f5a · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Recipe for Hydrogels With Tunable Relaxation and Diffusion Properties for Use as MRI Test Materials [published online ahead of print 20251005]
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 34070d23-0cb9-407a-a5fe-0b696f4f9138 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Water in agarose gels studied by nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation in the rotating frame
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 9af34d1b-2516-44fe-9e04-ebccbcdd721b · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Viscosity of glycerol and its aqueous solutions
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation e50671be-38b3-4a7a-be9d-fb3ba1998950 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla A review of normal tissue hydrogen NMR relaxation times and relaxation mechanisms from 1-100 MHz: dependence on tissue type, NMR frequency, temperature, species, excision, and age
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 9e11bd81-17cd-4228-a164-9f2300618d44 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla T1, T2 relaxation and magnetization transfer in tissue at 3T
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 58171ae8-ae5c-4fb5-9628-59894ef78dcd · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Influence of molecular parameters and increasing magnetic field strength on relaxivity of gadolinium- and manganese-based T1 contrast agents
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation e3bb78b3-de53-4377-85e5-29dafda62789 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Relaxation rates of paramagnetic solutions: evaluation by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation f9e82d04-ca85-4cc0-89b9-dbd16f09c37b · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla A new model for complex permittivity of oil-seawater emulsions: A framework for quantitative SAR monitoring of marine oil spills
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation d7ee0f9f-50e4-4782-b8bc-901d058b19ed · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Evaluation of relaxation time measurements by magnetic resonance imaging
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation fd8a7831-adc7-490b-a548-84e1531c889d · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Dielectric properties of edible oils and fatty acids as a function of frequency, temperature, moisture and composition
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 619a9c8d-6de4-41a2-82d9-7a0b826d7e4b · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Synthesized tissue-equivalent dielectric phantoms using salt and polyvinylpyrrolidone solutions
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation c9be375a-0e3b-4136-ac0d-1c5fc569a337 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Unresolved cited work
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 59bd331b-b82d-461f-ade7-ba485219e4f1 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla MR relaxation properties of tissue-mimicking phantoms [published online ahead of print 20211004]
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 26a4bf28-1a91-411f-b245-e7f677d15a54 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Unresolved cited work
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 9ccb871b-23dd-4b2d-9423-fea42b2acef9 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Reproducible phantom for quality assurance in abdominal MRI focussing kidney imaging
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 832379e2-4866-4d71-8e9c-29b32d9c2002 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla A straightforward procedure to build a non-toxic relaxometry phantom with desired T1 and T2 times at 3T [published online ahead of print 20240511]
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation eb229b10-07d3-4aeb-b234-79180b0e9708 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Unresolved cited work
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 0ffc5379-5e95-4e70-8e1a-ad074d3115d1 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Tissue mimicking materials for imaging and therapy phantoms: a review [published online ahead of print 20201216]
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 3607e56b-d519-401f-a000-5e8c62ccb563 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Transparent hydrogel with enhanced water retention capacity by introducing highly hydratable salt
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation b0b8e7ab-5731-485f-bc96-e7dbef1e0f49 · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla Flip angle errors in actual flip angle imaging using polyvinylpyrrolidone/water-based phantoms [published online ahead of print 20251018]
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
Observation 1c56b10c-8832-4802-b081-dc03e7619aad · outbound
T1, T2, and complex permittivities of hydrogels, paramagnetic salt solutions, and oils at 0.35, 1.5, and 3 Tesla A better understanding of the properties of alginate solutions and gels by quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.