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arxiv: 2507.09304 · v4 · pith:RUZVYK6Knew · submitted 2025-07-12 · 🧮 math.CO

Counting fixed-point-free Cayley permutations

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keywords permutationscayleycountingfixed-point-freefunctionalapproachconnecteddifferential
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Two-sort species yield differential equations for functional digraphs of Cayley permutations. From these we obtain an explicit formula for fixed-point-free Cayley permutations and prove that their proportion tends to $1/e$, as for permutations and endofunctions. Our approach also yields counting formulas when the functional digraph is a tree, forest, or connected.

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