Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation

As of 22 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 21 of 21 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2412.16135.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2412.16135 v3

Coverage vector

measured 21 of 21 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.553563Z

measured 22 of 22 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T05:57:58.244617Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-16T12:16:17.039197Z

Reference resolution

21 of 21 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy13
unresolved8
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation b062328c-abd6-418f-b83c-0678a9d4b009 · outbound

This paper cites In 2018 13th International Conference on Malicious and Unwanted Software (MALWARE), 1–10.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation In 2018 13th International Conference on Malicious and Unwanted Software (MALWARE), 1–10

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.894966Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation f4f74590-04a7-4853-9631-8017ff85e09b · outbound

This paper cites Large Language Models for Software Engineering: A Systematic Literature Review.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation Large Language Models for Software Engineering: A Systematic Literature Review

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.457222Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 64018eb1-b2be-409e-87ae-4823aa01c52b · outbound

This paper cites In 2018 26th European Signal Processing Con- ference (EUSIPCO), 533–537.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation In 2018 26th European Signal Processing Con- ference (EUSIPCO), 533–537

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.863988Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 502cd4ad-9bf6-44b9-a3a3-20be1035aa5b · outbound

This paper cites https://mistral.ai/news/codestral/.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation https://mistral.ai/news/codestral/

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.816226Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 27d0146c-0b7c-4264-be80-80ea2a7c6840 · outbound

This paper cites https: //furalabs.com/blog/2023/02/12/intro to smt analysis.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation https: //furalabs.com/blog/2023/02/12/intro to smt analysis

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.801171Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 9bd19c96-6af7-415e-ac96-1452f430c840 · outbound

This paper cites OctoPack: Instruction Tuning Code Large Language Models.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation OctoPack: Instruction Tuning Code Large Language Models

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.494619Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 67791a33-4505-4c2c-947d-cecadc7d796c · outbound

This paper cites In Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), 7777–7791.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation In Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), 7777–7791

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.787327Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 5037b302-84de-497a-876c-12f51201a04d · outbound

This paper cites https://platform.openai.com/docs/ models/gpt-4o.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation https://platform.openai.com/docs/ models/gpt-4o

Reference 15

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.773333Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 6cc8dc14-abcb-4ab0-a01f-988eace819ce · outbound

This paper cites Code Llama: Open Foundation Models for Code.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation Code Llama: Open Foundation Models for Code

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.507613Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4c7d43eb-9024-4b24-b97e-7ea54967a3e9 · outbound

This paper cites CodeGemma: Open Code Models Based on Gemma.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation CodeGemma: Open Code Models Based on Gemma

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.513302Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b1d65818-e18f-4cdc-b396-3def8c9a92fe · outbound

This paper cites In Machine Learning and Knowledge Discov- ery in Databases: Research Track: European Conference, ECML PKDD 2023, Turin, Italy, September 18–22, 2023, Proceedings, Part I, 270–285.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation In Machine Learning and Knowledge Discov- ery in Databases: Research Track: European Conference, ECML PKDD 2023, Turin, Italy, September 18–22, 2023, Proceedings, Part I, 270–285

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.752141Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation ec99f6c3-c822-4c21-ba21-c66ab9b8de43 · outbound

This paper cites Revisiting Unnaturalness for Automated Program Repair in the Era of Large Language Models.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation Revisiting Unnaturalness for Automated Program Repair in the Era of Large Language Models

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.541454Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4af83780-732f-4027-af92-59821f036605 · outbound

This paper cites DeepSeek-Coder-V2: Breaking the Barrier of Closed-Source Models in Code Intelligence.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation DeepSeek-Coder-V2: Breaking the Barrier of Closed-Source Models in Code Intelligence

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.553563Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8bd69e55-9af5-447e-8cb3-6dbc5eec4554 · outbound

This paper cites In Proceedings of the 2014 Workshop on Artificial Intelligent and Security Workshop , AISec ’14, 27–36.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation In Proceedings of the 2014 Workshop on Artificial Intelligent and Security Workshop , AISec ’14, 27–36

Reference 2014

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.922487Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 4e03d8d4-7188-402a-9a7a-20bc39a5e193 · outbound

This paper cites In 2015 ieee/acm 1st international workshop on software pro- tection, 3–9.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation In 2015 ieee/acm 1st international workshop on software pro- tection, 3–9

Reference 2015

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.880154Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 76c7a93b-5a02-43c6-85cd-4587eff25116 · outbound

This paper cites In Proceed- ings of the 2018 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security, CCS ’18, 2154–2156.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation In Proceed- ings of the 2018 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security, CCS ’18, 2154–2156

Reference 2018

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.907931Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 20d7e720-938d-4075-b491-8b4ba953a36b · outbound

This paper cites In 2019 IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Code Generation and Optimization (CGO), 37–49.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation In 2019 IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Code Generation and Optimization (CGO), 37–49

Reference 2019

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.846645Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation fde72e94-5f07-4963-b4c9-28dbc6d47c53 · outbound

This paper cites In 2020 International Conference on Emerging Smart Computing and Informatics (ESCI), 52–59.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation In 2020 International Conference on Emerging Smart Computing and Informatics (ESCI), 52–59

Reference 2020

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.936433Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Observation 94c6cb11-6aac-4da9-a2ea-ad30082989e5 · outbound

This paper cites CodeT5: Identifier-aware Unified Pre-trained Encoder-Decoder Models for Code Understanding and Generation.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation CodeT5: Identifier-aware Unified Pre-trained Encoder-Decoder Models for Code Understanding and Generation

Reference 2021

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.518639Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5ca33392-e1b1-4c40-82a2-969a25fcac7a · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4 Technical Report.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation GPT-4 Technical Report

Reference 2023

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.427329Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation aeea94d0-f90a-44b4-817c-f9d0b28fd61c · outbound

This paper cites https://ai.meta.com/blog/ meta-llama-3-1/.

Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation https://ai.meta.com/blog/ meta-llama-3-1/

Reference 2024

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:48:53.831403Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 863070b8-df13-45e1-b134-5da399b0505a · inbound

JailbreaksOverTime: Detecting Jailbreak Attacks Under Distribution Shift cites this paper.

JailbreaksOverTime: Detecting Jailbreak Attacks Under Distribution Shift Can LLMs Obfuscate Code? A Systematic Analysis of Large Language Models into Assembly Code Obfuscation

Reference 27

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-16T05:57:58.620880Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-22T06:32:14.747728+00:00.