Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use

As of 18 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 35 of 35 outbound references and 3 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.02164.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.02164 v1

Coverage vector

measured 35 of 35 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.276807Z

measured 38 of 38 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00

measured 3 of 3 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-07-31T17:28:52.092397Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-22T17:55:01.777629Z

Reference resolution

35 of 35 outbound references displayed

verified exact1
verified fuzzy11
unresolved20
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier3
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 9b8357e3-2741-41ba-9530-4d450f56b650 · outbound

This paper cites Congress, 17 u.s.c.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Congress, 17 u.s.c

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.814573Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 5eb9571f-42f7-4abc-b9dc-04f06fbf3cfb · outbound

This paper cites Congress, 17 u.s.c.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Congress, 17 u.s.c

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.801380Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 312c1840-54c4-45be-aec2-f0fb2610f642 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.788382Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 23665021-3fe6-46cb-8e73-d84e6742625b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.774237Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 4287479e-06a8-4bec-9f29-55611c180ae9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.759161Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 2f2ef5cc-25f6-4b88-a284-a91dd4575c39 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.744757Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation d407227e-1e9e-4d71-99ed-7b19ac4f3799 · outbound

This paper cites Westermann, S.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Westermann, S

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.730038Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation b085dab9-654d-40c9-99ad-76e103d07c81 · outbound

This paper cites Savelka, K.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Savelka, K

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.715971Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 58725e03-0341-4848-8180-a357c9443289 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.688333Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 554b0e17-ae07-4acc-82f8-275d6516347a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.167206Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 35ae8d6c-5f5c-47bc-9cf0-51cf925e1136 · outbound

This paper cites Hallucination-Free? Assessing the Reliability of Leading AI Legal Research Tools.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Hallucination-Free? Assessing the Reliability of Leading AI Legal Research Tools

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.171657Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation bb87e27b-28ac-4dd0-a5c6-90a8192bc331 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.176577Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b5b7e95f-1ad0-45ab-8b03-e2e4c5dc49d5 · outbound

This paper cites From RAG to Memory: Non-Parametric Continual Learning for Large Language Models.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use From RAG to Memory: Non-Parametric Continual Learning for Large Language Models

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.181120Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ac0384a0-7726-44c1-8df7-4fbdda4bc160 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: malformed identifier; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.186067Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 37f54ea2-c163-4ddb-9619-6bea9c83e0dc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.675078Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 74ac3e16-ce7d-4f6d-a3eb-d38796f24abb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.199827Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d75459ac-74a3-4e3a-a92f-ada8b3fabd9d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.661413Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 79e88519-00ad-42b8-98e8-e01445d519c8 · outbound

This paper cites Trivedi, N.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Trivedi, N

Reference 18

Resolution: malformed identifier; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.647827Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation da723971-23c0-44f0-97c1-9e917f5841d7 · outbound

This paper cites Lewis, E.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Lewis, E

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.633988Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation e78d1063-7238-45cf-a077-ea7ab90d8519 · outbound

This paper cites Sartor, P.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Sartor, P

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.620660Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 6550dcdb-7fca-4fbb-972f-78f9360b3f4a · outbound

This paper cites KG-RAG: Bridging the Gap Between Knowledge and Creativity.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use KG-RAG: Bridging the Gap Between Knowledge and Creativity

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.227164Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 78a285ca-b4b3-457a-b51d-6f3c24da8d3a · outbound

This paper cites Enhancing Structured-Data Retrieval with GraphRAG: Soccer Data Case Study.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Enhancing Structured-Data Retrieval with GraphRAG: Soccer Data Case Study

Reference 22

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.387443Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 5c853f9e-238e-4d44-a63f-157d2d708fe7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.607037Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation af62b5e2-6c69-41cb-8e20-c7e2be5709d3 · outbound

This paper cites Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Gemini: A Family of Highly Capable Multimodal Models

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.240789Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 15e1c1c7-718e-40bf-8a46-4c2ae77a09d6 · outbound

This paper cites Gecko: Versatile Text Embeddings Distilled from Large Language Models.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Gecko: Versatile Text Embeddings Distilled from Large Language Models

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.245554Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fd0b6ecf-3d2d-4782-9f94-c7566cc13206 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.593651Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 047f0c7b-c573-41ea-a99b-39d6db766467 · outbound

This paper cites Cushman, M.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Cushman, M

Reference 27

Resolution: malformed identifier; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.255297Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2f6e09ab-5a09-4a85-9eec-1e77a3b9c3e1 · outbound

This paper cites Courts, Public ac- cess to court electronic records (pacer), https://pacer.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Courts, Public ac- cess to court electronic records (pacer), https://pacer

Reference 28

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.564242Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 7aad431d-9fb2-4d48-8a7d-0238134826ca · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.579166Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation db31a50b-8a1f-4939-9e9b-7c6279b68cf1 · outbound

This paper cites Ferrario, M.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Ferrario, M

Reference 30

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.536470Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 2c8924a1-ce19-41d0-9815-a1e199d6e395 · outbound

This paper cites Barabási, R.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Barabási, R

Reference 31

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.522824Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation ed339a31-ed8d-4233-b6a7-4d76f7d431e9 · outbound

This paper cites Version 5.26.2, Available at: https://neo4j.com/.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Version 5.26.2, Available at: https://neo4j.com/

Reference 32

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.550426Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 87605296-dbaf-4d65-a1e4-b63d50ea7e02 · outbound

This paper cites Beebe, An empirical study of u.s.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Beebe, An empirical study of u.s

Reference 35

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.508847Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 6c94d176-10e2-4644-a304-726b982edcf8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Unresolved cited work

Reference 1609

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.195236Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a4501497-b378-4a12-8c71-053bb2f207fc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use Unresolved cited work

Reference 2023

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-16T01:04:17.701827Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation bb35602f-689a-4949-bbe6-5a18fefc906c · inbound

An Ontology-Driven Graph RAG for Legal Norms: A Structural, Temporal, and Deterministic Approach cites this paper.

An Ontology-Driven Graph RAG for Legal Norms: A Structural, Temporal, and Deterministic Approach Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use

Reference 9

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-22T17:55:01.781056Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 9f40ff92-e464-4fcc-b860-0a08bbe0fa83 · inbound

Temporal Decay of Co-Citation Predictability: A 20-Year Statute Retrieval Benchmark from 396M Ukrainian Court Citations cites this paper.

Temporal Decay of Co-Citation Predictability: A 20-Year Statute Retrieval Benchmark from 396M Ukrainian Court Citations Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use

Reference 20

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-20T12:43:17.336207Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-18T06:34:40.430872+00:00.

Observation 5f6b2cd5-b9d1-4a3f-b0a5-d41efb6cb093 · inbound

Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models as Components of Cognitive Computing architecture for Regulatory Knowledge Management cites this paper.

Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models as Components of Cognitive Computing architecture for Regulatory Knowledge Management Incorporating Legal Structure in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Case Study on Copyright Fair Use

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T17:28:52.092397Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.