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The Trigonometric Parallax of Cygnus X-1

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arxiv 1106.3688 v2 pith:TTR5YYNT submitted 2011-06-18 astro-ph.HE

Mark J. Reid , Jeffrey E. McClintock , Ramesh Narayan , Lijun Gou , Ronald A. Remillard , Jerome A. Orosz This is my paper · ORCID
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keywords binarycygnusdistancemotionmeasurementorbitparallaxtrigonometric
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We report a direct and accurate measurement of the distance to the X-ray binary Cygnus X-1, which contains the first black hole to be discovered. The distance of 1.86 (-0.11,+0.12) kpc was obtained from a trigonometric parallax measurement using the Very Long Baseline Array. The position measurements are also sensitive to the 5.6 d binary orbit and we determine the orbit to be clockwise on the sky. We also measured the proper motion of Cygnus X-1 which, when coupled to the distance and Doppler shift, gives the three-dimensional space motion of the system. When corrected for differential Galactic rotation, the non-circular (peculiar) motion of the binary is only about 21 km/s, indicating that the binary did not experience a large "kick" at formation.

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    A unified 1PM formula gives the gravitational time delay of relativistic massive and massless particles by a radially moving Schwarzschild lens, matching known light and static limits.

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