Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Do the Rewards Justify the Means? Measuring Trade-Offs Between Rewards and Ethical Behavior in the MACHIAVELLI Benchmark

As of 14 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 0 of 0 outbound references and 16 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2304.03279.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2304.03279 v4

Coverage vector

measured 0 of 0 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 16 of 16 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00

measured 16 of 16 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T12:46:26.589118Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

0 of 0 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy0
unresolved0
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

28
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

No outbound reference observations are available for this paper version.

Pith citing papers

Observation d6e829ee-a8f4-4e19-ac1d-65563706e160 · inbound

A Roadmap to Pluralistic Alignment cites this paper.

A Roadmap to Pluralistic Alignment Do the Rewards Justify the Means? Measuring Trade-Offs Between Rewards and Ethical Behavior in the MACHIAVELLI Benchmark

Reference 190

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-16T14:37:53.622855Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 88056ed4-f8c0-44ed-bb6c-0d29398f998f · inbound

Deception in LLMs: Self-Preservation and Autonomous Goals in Large Language Models cites this paper.

Deception in LLMs: Self-Preservation and Autonomous Goals in Large Language Models Do the Rewards Justify the Means? Measuring Trade-Offs Between Rewards and Ethical Behavior in the MACHIAVELLI Benchmark

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T12:46:26.589118Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 99247684-0c9e-447f-aafd-d8371dd15337 · inbound

The Odyssey of the Fittest: Can Agents Survive and Still Be Good? cites this paper.

The Odyssey of the Fittest: Can Agents Survive and Still Be Good? Do the Rewards Justify the Means? Measuring Trade-Offs Between Rewards and Ethical Behavior in the MACHIAVELLI Benchmark

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T19:23:42.468613Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b307d4f7-9636-4544-bb80-90daabd2a075 · inbound

Compromising Honesty and Harmlessness in Language Models via Deception Attacks cites this paper.

Compromising Honesty and Harmlessness in Language Models via Deception Attacks Do the Rewards Justify the Means? Measuring Trade-Offs Between Rewards and Ethical Behavior in the MACHIAVELLI Benchmark

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T05:42:43.435854Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1192a071-1ed1-46a6-a603-41d70e10d646 · inbound

Utility Engineering: Analyzing and Controlling Emergent Value Systems in AIs cites this paper.

Utility Engineering: Analyzing and Controlling Emergent Value Systems in AIs Do the Rewards Justify the Means? Measuring Trade-Offs Between Rewards and Ethical Behavior in the MACHIAVELLI Benchmark

Reference 43

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-08T00:04:57.367167Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7f55633a-4be4-43d8-adfc-2160525c1239 · inbound

Moral Susceptibility and Robustness under Persona Role-Play in Large Language Models cites this paper.

Moral Susceptibility and Robustness under Persona Role-Play in Large Language Models Do the Rewards Justify the Means? Measuring Trade-Offs Between Rewards and Ethical Behavior in the MACHIAVELLI Benchmark

Reference 23

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-17T23:20:27.811163Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 3249d592-9433-4f85-99ea-2d2ebb4485fe · inbound

Beyond Benchmark Islands: Toward Representative Trustworthiness Evaluation for Agentic AI cites this paper.

Beyond Benchmark Islands: Toward Representative Trustworthiness Evaluation for Agentic AI Do the Rewards Justify the Means? Measuring Trade-Offs Between Rewards and Ethical Behavior in the MACHIAVELLI Benchmark

Reference 19

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-22T10:21:23.244031Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 3b8da89d-87e0-4d07-b336-25fb556d38f0 · inbound

Restoration, Exploration and Transformation: How Youth Engage Character.AI Chatbots for Feels, Fun and Finding themselves cites this paper.

Restoration, Exploration and Transformation: How Youth Engage Character.AI Chatbots for Feels, Fun and Finding themselves Do the Rewards Justify the Means? Measuring Trade-Offs Between Rewards and Ethical Behavior in the MACHIAVELLI Benchmark

Reference 64

Resolution: malformed identifier; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T12:45:37.283306Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation ff9e1600-92e5-4847-8f14-6e8ccc1694b7 · inbound

Positive Alignment: Artificial Intelligence for Human Flourishing cites this paper.

Positive Alignment: Artificial Intelligence for Human Flourishing Do the Rewards Justify the Means? Measuring Trade-Offs Between Rewards and Ethical Behavior in the MACHIAVELLI Benchmark

Reference 148

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-15T05:59:47.953274Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation ce6bc9a0-d7d8-4f36-a07d-38740ddff390 · inbound

Correcting Influence: Unboxing LLM Outputs with Orthogonal Latent Spaces cites this paper.

Correcting Influence: Unboxing LLM Outputs with Orthogonal Latent Spaces Do the Rewards Justify the Means? Measuring Trade-Offs Between Rewards and Ethical Behavior in the MACHIAVELLI Benchmark

Reference 228

Resolution: metadata mismatch; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-14T20:17:55.545244Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation e8a3e7e2-a852-48ae-8c54-3e7a98dff719 · inbound

Taxonomy and Consistency Analysis of Safety Benchmarks for AI Agents cites this paper.

Taxonomy and Consistency Analysis of Safety Benchmarks for AI Agents Do the Rewards Justify the Means? Measuring Trade-Offs Between Rewards and Ethical Behavior in the MACHIAVELLI Benchmark

Reference 42

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-21T01:43:56.709741Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation d0da8262-22b1-4148-8e7c-96665a13f2c1 · inbound

Boiling the Frog: A Multi-Turn Benchmark for Agentic Safety cites this paper.

Boiling the Frog: A Multi-Turn Benchmark for Agentic Safety Do the Rewards Justify the Means? Measuring Trade-Offs Between Rewards and Ethical Behavior in the MACHIAVELLI Benchmark

Reference 65

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-22T05:51:08.014677Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 8d56c348-3b2b-49cd-a2bb-bd8e7a2fa2cb · inbound

Boiling the Frog: A Multi-Turn Benchmark for Agentic Safety cites this paper.

Boiling the Frog: A Multi-Turn Benchmark for Agentic Safety Do the Rewards Justify the Means? Measuring Trade-Offs Between Rewards and Ethical Behavior in the MACHIAVELLI Benchmark

Reference 65

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-25T06:06:43.199764Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 3420d241-80b2-4375-a7a1-d63611d127b2 · inbound

Beyond Goodhart's Law: A Dynamic Benchmark for Evaluating Compliance in Multi-Agent Systems cites this paper.

Beyond Goodhart's Law: A Dynamic Benchmark for Evaluating Compliance in Multi-Agent Systems Do the Rewards Justify the Means? Measuring Trade-Offs Between Rewards and Ethical Behavior in the MACHIAVELLI Benchmark

Reference 56

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-02T17:47:17.747048Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation 14430cf5-520c-4fa0-b301-bf36fb5c54a2 · inbound

Decoding Hidden Deception in Reasoning LLMs: Activation Explainers for Deception Auditing cites this paper.

Decoding Hidden Deception in Reasoning LLMs: Activation Explainers for Deception Auditing Do the Rewards Justify the Means? Measuring Trade-Offs Between Rewards and Ethical Behavior in the MACHIAVELLI Benchmark

Reference 8

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-03T20:18:56.662641Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

Observation e3602deb-3912-42eb-ab3c-2899864aa92c · inbound

Engineering Trustworthy Agentic AI for Critical Systems cites this paper.

Engineering Trustworthy Agentic AI for Critical Systems Do the Rewards Justify the Means? Measuring Trade-Offs Between Rewards and Ethical Behavior in the MACHIAVELLI Benchmark

Reference 2023

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T15:07:30.716801Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.