Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs

As of 19 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 100 of 109 outbound references and 3 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2502.01926.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2502.01926 v3

Coverage vector

measured 100 of 109 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.632964Z

measured 103 of 103 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00

measured 3 of 3 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T19:47:49.653189Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

100 of 109 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy15
unresolved85
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

0
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

Observation 764f8c71-1545-4451-8025-3bb301da89aa · outbound

This paper cites online" 'onlinestring :=.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs online" 'onlinestring :=

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.316829Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 374fe5e4-1b96-4e65-89d2-956e8623b4e7 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs write newline

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.321437Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3ed07784-842a-49d9-acd6-ca6951b9ae17 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.325483Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4d8602ce-1c20-447d-b443-710a97f6978f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.329056Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 14603355-36ac-44a0-8c4e-a88473b96536 · outbound

This paper cites Measuring Implicit Bias in Explicitly Unbiased Large Language Models.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Measuring Implicit Bias in Explicitly Unbiased Large Language Models

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.332531Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 01317817-5c14-4f7e-bfee-13c053742e95 · outbound

This paper cites Constitutional AI: Harmlessness from AI Feedback.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Constitutional AI: Harmlessness from AI Feedback

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.336413Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 96e820b4-f71b-4d5b-912c-b9c666d967b9 · outbound

This paper cites Balkin and Reva B.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Balkin and Reva B

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.340448Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 66693d68-97d4-43d9-bf1f-8a018099baa5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.343880Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 638ed562-3530-4b8f-ad22-caaa4bdfaf6a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.347482Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 390ffc04-4f71-4c36-8ed2-622801bb8256 · outbound

This paper cites religious minorities at risk.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs religious minorities at risk

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.351045Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9ae2ab3a-288a-41bb-b7e6-201af9238aac · outbound

This paper cites Bennett, Cole Gleason, Morgan Klaus Scheuerman, Jeffrey P.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Bennett, Cole Gleason, Morgan Klaus Scheuerman, Jeffrey P

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.354404Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation ca8a353c-9937-49ce-8fc1-0759ec9d46a6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.357825Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 11be2b7c-74be-4bdf-b9f0-b12268a97a74 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.361197Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation cbc56f10-b852-4e5f-b497-61bbe2ca14cc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.364525Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 42d8af64-c474-4141-80e0-88df23ebd7de · outbound

This paper cites Bobocel, Leanne S.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Bobocel, Leanne S

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.367860Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f2e53f7f-30c3-497f-bb96-f0a03b1eb8be · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.371258Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7c4a8a6f-706c-4096-9e18-542e68439061 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.374572Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 49efa66b-35a7-4313-bcf7-2231032e2608 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.378010Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 322d3a25-ad3a-48dc-b049-bc770e0a94fd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.381107Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5b913045-487a-4a03-aef1-8266526de752 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.384274Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 920ad4a2-3da8-46a9-a9aa-77fe86dd0a73 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.387474Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0f818cd1-9e10-4851-a2c1-dbbaa6e89eb8 · outbound

This paper cites Felkner, Ho-Chun Herbert Chang, Eugene Jang, and Jonathan May.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Felkner, Ho-Chun Herbert Chang, Eugene Jang, and Jonathan May

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.390649Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation aa090046-b63e-4bcc-8260-76bf8e5707e0 · outbound

This paper cites Felkner, Jennifer A.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Felkner, Jennifer A

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.394015Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 083f0c58-463e-42c4-b088-b20739c253dd · outbound

This paper cites Gallegos, Ryan A.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Gallegos, Ryan A

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.397189Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 772778a9-f0c3-4376-bc08-48b3808ce7f4 · outbound

This paper cites Self-Debiasing Large Language Models: Zero-Shot Recognition and Reduction of Stereotypes.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Self-Debiasing Large Language Models: Zero-Shot Recognition and Reduction of Stereotypes

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.400377Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f59dbf2d-9322-421d-8f5e-178568ba72be · outbound

This paper cites The Capacity for Moral Self-Correction in Large Language Models.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs The Capacity for Moral Self-Correction in Large Language Models

Reference 26

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.403660Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c3c34a6f-fb08-4e24-847f-8b4b2bdf0cae · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.406618Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4ff815f1-abbf-46d1-8d69-6a3506d841ff · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.409221Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9445da59-d144-4acb-85f4-26f5f80daf2d · outbound

This paper cites Passonneau.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Passonneau

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.412200Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation adabb6f8-a651-456a-8373-f519b194977c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.414767Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5b519880-d700-4746-988d-31d89d4b9f4d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.417332Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9c023de7-1f76-459f-823d-d9ece3191d0b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.420745Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 46a7b8f9-4e2a-42e1-bd19-f19ec3229f70 · outbound

This paper cites Ho and Alice Xiang.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Ho and Alice Xiang

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.423929Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f930b976-6238-4f4b-b7a9-c9af1ae9fc08 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.428013Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8c0d89be-13f2-44bc-85e7-9277f321547c · outbound

This paper cites Rae, Vishal Maini, Dani Yogatama, and Pushmeet Kohli.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Rae, Vishal Maini, Dani Yogatama, and Pushmeet Kohli

Reference 35

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.437597Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation a5beb4ef-85cb-4626-be2f-77ddb7b527a6 · outbound

This paper cites TrustGPT: A Benchmark for Trustworthy and Responsible Large Language Models.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs TrustGPT: A Benchmark for Trustworthy and Responsible Large Language Models

Reference 36

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.434667Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2d2c9db2-1e4d-4711-bb44-fd83b725809a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 37

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.429668Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 458bb39a-b368-4f41-9a0d-8866d91296f1 · outbound

This paper cites Reddy, Shachi Dave, Vinodkumar Prabhakaran, and Sunipa Dev.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Reddy, Shachi Dave, Vinodkumar Prabhakaran, and Sunipa Dev

Reference 38

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.420873Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation d47a3c1f-ac67-4d4e-9425-049ffce454e9 · outbound

This paper cites Mistral 7B.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Mistral 7B

Reference 39

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.444525Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 876d876b-5a73-4987-8197-c909a9d5ad6f · outbound

This paper cites Stereotype or Personalization? User Identity Biases Chatbot Recommendations.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Stereotype or Personalization? User Identity Biases Chatbot Recommendations

Reference 40

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.447794Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3168c6af-f902-4c0e-867c-dbed577940b3 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 41

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.410258Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 7d5cd078-66e3-4c95-9fec-57457aec061b · outbound

This paper cites Mohammad.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Mohammad

Reference 42

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.400931Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 93e28a0e-8d00-4e03-b1b4-0c839187ace5 · outbound

This paper cites Dreyer, Aleksandar Shtedritski, and Yuki M.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Dreyer, Aleksandar Shtedritski, and Yuki M

Reference 43

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.390590Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 93b56b7f-65bb-455d-b468-85416949becf · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 44

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.380970Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation fd872e7d-165c-4ffa-87c0-8eb0e52208d5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 45

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.371036Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation ced3d79a-bf45-4a2e-b257-6a7cc1e7da45 · outbound

This paper cites Kusner, Joshua R.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Kusner, Joshua R

Reference 46

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.361288Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 87c8b9a0-12ec-4a52-bce4-ffb73f6549f9 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 47

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.352043Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation b57f3031-b191-4575-9a93-339094cb50f6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 48

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.343878Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation d8157c57-54e0-4646-9c84-a5dbb617cafb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 49

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.335271Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation bd22e943-745e-42fd-a528-b9f7685b810d · outbound

This paper cites Prompting Fairness: Integrating Causality to Debias Large Language Models.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Prompting Fairness: Integrating Causality to Debias Large Language Models

Reference 50

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.480027Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0113caba-74ce-4dd8-a2cd-063977a2d4c1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 51

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.325491Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation dab1089e-10d1-43ed-a35f-958e00f247c5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 52

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.316172Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation eebe9b36-cc8a-4752-be52-3b957dc5c26e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 53

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.306719Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 886fd2a2-2b9d-4e26-a254-5a62e0febfcc · outbound

This paper cites Manning, Christopher Ré, Diana Acosta-Navas, Drew A.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Manning, Christopher Ré, Diana Acosta-Navas, Drew A

Reference 54

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.295906Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 2ae91a37-2ceb-43c0-880f-65f68914a780 · outbound

This paper cites Lipton, Alexandra Chouldechova, and Julian McAuley.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Lipton, Alexandra Chouldechova, and Julian McAuley

Reference 55

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.285471Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation cdd45860-0016-4257-988b-9f668241a85a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 56

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.275519Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 4e49cbbe-d3ab-4957-beaa-c260d7654579 · outbound

This paper cites one-size-fits-all.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs one-size-fits-all

Reference 57

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.266236Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 2a228ffa-bc63-483a-afa4-530c4250abf6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 58

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.258014Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation b7b61af0-d633-400f-9eda-acaa9582efcb · outbound

This paper cites Bowman, and Rachel Rudinger.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Bowman, and Rachel Rudinger

Reference 59

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.249086Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 11a92429-4039-4681-9f2b-6fcc8f15c070 · outbound

This paper cites McConahay and Joseph C.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs McConahay and Joseph C

Reference 60

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.238756Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 399e3916-0947-4a74-a960-943acd392b27 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 61

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.229496Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation ac4789f3-9573-4b59-b62a-413b952b361c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 62

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.220458Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation c64a7240-9bc3-4ca7-a00b-d7c6ecb84f66 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 63

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.211194Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation da51f371-7a50-4cca-b7d2-e8c271c84f34 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 64

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.202189Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 6aa70706-69a2-4c4f-b506-8e4e0e6b691a · outbound

This paper cites Neville, Germine H.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Neville, Germine H

Reference 65

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.191923Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 2f3b9b43-e1c5-4813-a1d0-977e13aee06f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 66

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.182908Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation fbb8b7f9-6e31-48a8-b116-9f09dc5496cf · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4o System Card.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs GPT-4o System Card

Reference 67

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.529324Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 762d044e-06de-4617-aecf-e1e3be8d65b2 · outbound

This paper cites i’m fully who i am.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs i’m fully who i am

Reference 68

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.174415Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 1b3aec31-4a53-47c4-8994-35f580d01df6 · outbound

This paper cites Automatically Correcting Large Language Models: Surveying the landscape of diverse self-correction strategies.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Automatically Correcting Large Language Models: Surveying the landscape of diverse self-correction strategies

Reference 69

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.536232Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b27aabfc-c7a9-4f45-9186-f0baf1cc7935 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 70

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.166309Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 4c727312-beb8-48ff-ac61-7bfd27f7be5e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 71

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.157405Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation fe22a503-7fd2-42df-a5fa-4798088f7410 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 72

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.148028Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 2b7e758c-0453-4bde-9e20-3eaabf4fca2f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 73

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.137403Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 63ae52b3-5915-451a-9d5a-69365e8710bb · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 74

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.126427Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 4024f682-caef-42b2-b6cd-fc30ff8966f7 · outbound

This paper cites The Effect of Sampling Temperature on Problem Solving in Large Language Models.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs The Effect of Sampling Temperature on Problem Solving in Large Language Models

Reference 75

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.555721Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 909ac66d-639b-4655-bb7b-b2ea7ecf306f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 76

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.116476Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 49a86249-72aa-4c55-86b5-fe22faeaa576 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 77

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.105696Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 39bc5255-2e0b-41bd-82dd-f6da3139eeda · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 78

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.096342Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 912b2d52-fd7a-4340-92b7-2699acf9bb69 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 79

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.087572Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 6bf7b4fc-e841-49b8-82ea-7ebdab08f0f8 · outbound

This paper cites SafetyPrompts: a Systematic Review of Open Datasets for Evaluating and Improving Large Language Model Safety.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs SafetyPrompts: a Systematic Review of Open Datasets for Evaluating and Improving Large Language Model Safety

Reference 80

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.571544Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c94876b9-ec6f-4022-9d02-4681242401d7 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 81

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.077653Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation d7008f2e-ab3c-48d1-9736-6412d2236a2b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 82

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.067336Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation f320a7c3-1f4f-42fc-a041-1ed83c04af45 · outbound

This paper cites Smith, and Yejin Choi.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Smith, and Yejin Choi

Reference 83

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.056963Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 3dae49da-7eb6-4356-9d27-0604b6842bf0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 84

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.047270Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 1b832190-1e8b-43b8-9d08-1092ee4093f7 · outbound

This paper cites i'm sorry to hear that.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs i'm sorry to hear that

Reference 85

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.036534Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 6ab6546d-42aa-4eba-b579-7bddf404fa7a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 86

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.027756Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 44643cd1-0020-455d-9d35-c2c2de2719ce · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 87

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.019263Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 109d45e2-38ba-476d-9495-c013ddef3886 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 88

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:45.009410Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 4adc1f35-1b48-45ad-9567-64ec9cf7825e · outbound

This paper cites TrustLLM: Trustworthiness in Large Language Models.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs TrustLLM: Trustworthiness in Large Language Models

Reference 89

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.599651Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 89b2d96f-4f2b-469c-ac01-4b5b09e67c51 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 90

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.998886Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation e032ef9c-6204-4a33-8029-9980dda82ab4 · outbound

This paper cites Evaluating and Mitigating Discrimination in Language Model Decisions.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Evaluating and Mitigating Discrimination in Language Model Decisions

Reference 91

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.606552Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 448019c0-a867-4c6c-b538-4d404fb86768 · outbound

This paper cites Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 92

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.609951Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3c5fac34-64e4-43ab-9788-55cf3d2ed3b0 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 93

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.989220Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation b55597e0-702e-40dd-a481-af2cdb604b9f · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 94

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.978965Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 437780bf-0ad8-4094-a8bc-5d58bbf24319 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 95

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.969513Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 340fdeae-2f50-444b-a453-d2f97bd837fc · outbound

This paper cites Position: Evaluating Generative AI Systems Is a Social Science Measurement Challenge.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Position: Evaluating Generative AI Systems Is a Social Science Measurement Challenge

Reference 96

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.621750Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e83de8c5-7aea-4082-a4b9-2cf146d4899e · outbound

This paper cites kelly is a warm person, joseph is a role model.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs kelly is a warm person, joseph is a role model

Reference 97

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.959643Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 79130c81-4345-47d2-aa0a-c48fb3591a53 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 98

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.949670Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 75f27eff-f02d-45f2-9172-1bacec6b0d90 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 99

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.940246Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Observation 8310cf1d-e751-4156-8086-7d67d1b5439b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs Unresolved cited work

Reference 100

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-09T14:03:44.931546Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation ebffc4dd-bde9-4521-8394-ec3c846f83a6 · inbound

Toward Valid Measurement Of (Un)fairness For Generative AI: A Proposal For Systematization Through The Lens Of Fair Equality of Chances cites this paper.

Toward Valid Measurement Of (Un)fairness For Generative AI: A Proposal For Systematization Through The Lens Of Fair Equality of Chances Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs

Reference 92

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:47:49.653189Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4ed3eda0-0a58-4411-a81b-3cfc35e06061 · inbound

BioPro: Towards Difference-Aware Gender Fairness for Vision-Language Models cites this paper.

BioPro: Towards Difference-Aware Gender Fairness for Vision-Language Models Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs

Reference 42

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-03T19:25:20.633437Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1e6e9e0f-5ec7-49ad-9a5a-313d0e30fc47 · inbound

Discriminatory Compliance: How LLMs Answer Queries from Protected Groups cites this paper.

Discriminatory Compliance: How LLMs Answer Queries from Protected Groups Fairness through Difference Awareness: Measuring Desired Group Discrimination in LLMs

Reference 70

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-26T12:59:29.204554Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-19T06:32:44.657259+00:00.