Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu

As of 9 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 22 of 22 outbound references and 3 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2507.06761.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2507.06761 v1

Coverage vector

measured 22 of 22 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:00.246085Z

measured 25 of 25 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00

measured 3 of 3 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-02T02:58:29.387437Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-22T09:54:47.130895Z

Reference resolution

22 of 22 outbound references displayed

verified exact2
verified fuzzy16
unresolved4
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 97fea461-1d8e-4021-a946-b5c044fa110c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu Unresolved cited work

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:05.998685Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation e36c6c48-6404-47e6-8e7c-f8fbbe52afc2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:00.525852Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation ec5c4dab-ac1f-49a4-89a5-1b27a677f6e0 · outbound

This paper cites An offline recognition method of handwritten primitive manchu characters based on strokes.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu An offline recognition method of handwritten primitive manchu characters based on strokes

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:05.532372Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 3af7ac56-bd5b-47f8-934c-e52c9cca7ef8 · outbound

This paper cites Design and implementation of off line hand- written document recognition system of manchu manuscript.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu Design and implementation of off line hand- written document recognition system of manchu manuscript

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:05.170894Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 4aa9b4a8-29ec-4805-8051-b627973f7459 · outbound

This paper cites A new recognition method for the handwritten manchu character unit.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu A new recognition method for the handwritten manchu character unit

Reference 5

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:04.818292Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 7b1cd2aa-d45c-4bf4-8a68-5056a9e9ab26 · outbound

This paper cites Synthetic data and dag-svm classifier for segmentation-free manchu word recognition.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu Synthetic data and dag-svm classifier for segmentation-free manchu word recognition

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:04.668195Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation f80e808d-c17a-47d3-96e2-f62a55631783 · outbound

This paper cites Manchu word recognition based on convolutional neural network with spatial pyramid pooling.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu Manchu word recognition based on convolutional neural network with spatial pyramid pooling

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:04.525507Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation f1153aca-1d33-4406-83b3-1a1a695a3fcc · outbound

This paper cites Segmentation-free multi-font printed manchu word recognition using deep convolutional features and data augmentation.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu Segmentation-free multi-font printed manchu word recognition using deep convolutional features and data augmentation

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:04.212077Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 73644fef-0f64-43fb-b7d5-912347a389d5 · outbound

This paper cites Ocr with the deep cnn model for ligature 10 script-based languages like manchu.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu Ocr with the deep cnn model for ligature 10 script-based languages like manchu

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:03.784121Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 610e2e69-ef5d-48fd-9eaa-6a6079d58ca9 · outbound

This paper cites ManchuOCR: A OCR system for the Manchu script.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu ManchuOCR: A OCR system for the Manchu script

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:03.409982Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation cf2d5b6b-6ba5-42ca-80a2-c30f271f5f55 · outbound

This paper cites Learn more manchu words with a new visual-language framework.ACM Trans- actions on Asian and Low-Resource Language In- formation Processing, 2024.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu Learn more manchu words with a new visual-language framework.ACM Trans- actions on Asian and Low-Resource Language In- formation Processing, 2024

Reference 11

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:03.057665Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 1a8e31b5-1509-4d74-bff4-c2e3e7ee2b8f · outbound

This paper cites Qwen for jawi v1: a model for jawi ocr, 2024.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu Qwen for jawi v1: a model for jawi ocr, 2024

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:02.830640Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 4ead402c-cfa3-46ff-9f2d-07f8d613caa9 · outbound

This paper cites Manchu: A textbook for reading documents.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu Manchu: A textbook for reading documents

Reference 13

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:02.542588Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 1084175f-0513-40f1-ba75-724c9e156830 · outbound

This paper cites Neige cangben Manwen lao- dang (Old documents in Manchu).

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu Neige cangben Manwen lao- dang (Old documents in Manchu)

Reference 14

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:02.255333Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation e8405c22-c565-442c-95c6-1bd185a68f5e · outbound

This paper cites An Empirical Study of Scaling Law for OCR.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu An Empirical Study of Scaling Law for OCR

Reference 15

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:00.784898Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 0a6b4da9-a799-44fb-a891-62b290915077 · outbound

This paper cites Xmodel-VLM: A Simple Baseline for Multimodal Vision Language Model.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu Xmodel-VLM: A Simple Baseline for Multimodal Vision Language Model

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T18:58:59.400444Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation fccf2723-6eb6-49d3-a9f3-87bde2c4338e · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2.5-VL: Vision-language model.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu Qwen2.5-VL: Vision-language model

Reference 17

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:01.955861Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 24dbe5c9-f872-495b-845c-b148b09330cd · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T18:58:59.661358Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d69150ee-5e66-4b12-bcb2-01fc1bbb1c79 · outbound

This paper cites Un- sloth: Finetune LLMs 2x faster with 70% less memory, 2023.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu Un- sloth: Finetune LLMs 2x faster with 70% less memory, 2023

Reference 19

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:01.670637Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 8090bd34-85e1-4f13-a06b-5c6b71589567 · outbound

This paper cites TinyLlama: An Open-Source Small Language Model.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu TinyLlama: An Open-Source Small Language Model

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T18:58:59.953512Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a47fee9f-946f-420b-97a6-b2de6b5e0820 · outbound

This paper cites Lora: Low-rank adaptation of large language models.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu Lora: Low-rank adaptation of large language models

Reference 21

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:01.349944Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 06ca8191-da14-4eae-ae99-5588920cb35d · outbound

This paper cites Levenshtein.

Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu Levenshtein

Reference 22

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T18:59:01.097798Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Pith citing papers

Observation 3a626975-67d1-498c-880c-f0c0155d22cc · inbound

DocAtlas: Multilingual Document Understanding Across 80+ Languages cites this paper.

DocAtlas: Multilingual Document Understanding Across 80+ Languages Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu

Reference 71

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-14T21:02:58.695153Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation 7c6199c0-9044-43b9-8242-9f7baf60cf7a · inbound

DocAtlas: Multilingual Document Understanding Across 80+ Languages cites this paper.

DocAtlas: Multilingual Document Understanding Across 80+ Languages Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu

Reference 64

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-22T09:54:47.134215Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-09T06:31:02.800959+00:00.

Observation c21006ec-3be9-4898-a2a2-2885d603d010 · inbound

Multi-Expert Routing for Multi-Domain Low-Resource OCR: A Manchu Case Study cites this paper.

Multi-Expert Routing for Multi-Domain Low-Resource OCR: A Manchu Case Study Finetuning Vision-Language Models as OCR Systems for Low-Resource Languages: A Case Study of Manchu

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T02:58:29.387437Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.