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New cardinality estimation algorithms for HyperLogLog sketches

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arxiv 1702.01284 v2 pith:U2LMSWDN submitted 2017-02-04 cs.DS

classification cs.DS
keywords hyperloglogsketchescardinalitiescardinalityestimatelikelihoodmaximummethods
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This paper presents new methods to estimate the cardinalities of data sets recorded by HyperLogLog sketches. A theoretically motivated extension to the original estimator is presented that eliminates the bias for small and large cardinalities. Based on the maximum likelihood principle a second unbiased method is derived together with a robust and efficient numerical algorithm to calculate the estimate. The maximum likelihood approach can also be applied to more than a single HyperLogLog sketch. In particular, it is shown that it gives more precise cardinality estimates for union, intersection, or relative complements of two sets that are both represented by HyperLogLog sketches compared to the conventional technique using the inclusion-exclusion principle. All the new methods are demonstrated and verified by extensive simulations.

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. HyperLogLog for probabilists

    cs.DS 2026-07 accept novelty 6.0 of 10

    HyperLogLog's raw estimator satisfies P(m²Z_N ≤ μN) ≤ exp(−m(1/μ − 1 + log μ)) for every N ≥ 1, plus a right-tail bound with an explicit correction term.

  2. Mergeable Model-Side Aggregation States for Long-Context Language Models

    cs.CL 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Fixed-budget HyperLogLog states maintained alongside a frozen LLM preserve set-based aggregation and improve long-context reasoning accuracy.

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