Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools

As of 23 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 38 of 38 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2507.05305.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2507.05305 v1

Coverage vector

measured 38 of 38 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:44.396008Z

measured 39 of 39 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-05-14T20:39:36.114056Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-14T20:42:58.346617Z

Reference resolution

38 of 38 outbound references displayed

verified exact3
verified fuzzy2
unresolved30
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch3

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation e1a73cca-0f15-417f-94e4-c132e00c8f48 · outbound

This paper cites and Andrew Lan.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools and Andrew Lan

Reference 1

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:47.770664Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 94945ba9-f753-4fa5-ade9-4f3d472970c6 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:41.796188Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3647bc74-3aae-4ce2-b1dc-56b742b2db23 · outbound

This paper cites Becker, James Finnie-Ansley, Arto Hellas, Juho Leinonen, Andrew Luxton-Reilly, Brent N.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Becker, James Finnie-Ansley, Arto Hellas, Juho Leinonen, Andrew Luxton-Reilly, Brent N

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:41.869833Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2eb49170-faea-4ad9-af0a-a686dea9e94b · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:47.646727Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation e3425051-289d-4e0d-bf2b-18804468a4bf · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:41.992042Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation dcd40089-a851-4d91-8eef-30ae1023ca47 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:42.045792Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 089a9cc3-59e6-427e-8ae7-6eef4ea58fcf · outbound

This paper cites AI-TA: Towards an Intelligent Question-Answer Teaching Assistant using Open-Source LLMs.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools AI-TA: Towards an Intelligent Question-Answer Teaching Assistant using Open-Source LLMs

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:42.099194Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 13e98aad-aa7b-4f4e-8b91-6319cedb9a20 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:42.166781Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 96381e57-a92e-4a8c-aa68-4f17bf78cd61 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:47.470295Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 3e30db69-974c-4855-9b4b-3407c8434f4a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: metadata mismatch; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:46.458670Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 0ea210ac-2ab4-4acb-9d9c-2dfec9ea1992 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:42.440343Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 5faefca6-1aef-460b-9db9-e0dc8a7b00d2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:42.518551Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 76c33484-8bb0-48fe-99a9-7f21c9633244 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:42.598776Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b7ba75ef-a805-4faf-91e9-14844255d780 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:42.681677Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 47e35901-f92e-4d17-b82c-88ad9d5ba2c2 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:42.749269Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 55eefd54-b337-41bd-8864-74ae6102b6d1 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:42.839851Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation df6a3527-1a7d-4f38-a6dc-26b4ee1e86e8 · outbound

This paper cites Experiences from Using Code Explanations Generated by Large Language Models in a Web Software Development E-Book.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Experiences from Using Code Explanations Generated by Large Language Models in a Web Software Development E-Book

Reference 18

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:45.651051Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 98409fb4-c566-4608-8012-73c19791188c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: metadata mismatch; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:45.514094Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation a06d307e-ca2e-40a3-a4b7-95e8812682cf · outbound

This paper cites Large Language Models (GPT) for automating feedback on programming assignments.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Large Language Models (GPT) for automating feedback on programming assignments

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:43.140773Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7b90f0f1-84be-4808-9012-aebc429bbe68 · outbound

This paper cites Generating High-Precision Feedback for Programming Syntax Errors using Large Language Models.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Generating High-Precision Feedback for Programming Syntax Errors using Large Language Models

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:43.236196Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 31e8785c-08c9-43e0-af76-ebe180c53931 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:43.320910Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 628ad411-105c-44a2-aa4e-12126bb2f2c8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:43.392327Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 3044e4d2-8d9e-4add-a863-85711cba1330 · outbound

This paper cites Supervised Fine-Tuning LLMs to Behave as Pedagogical Agents in Programming Education.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Supervised Fine-Tuning LLMs to Behave as Pedagogical Agents in Programming Education

Reference 24

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:45.147419Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation a3d77f78-c6ae-4e98-9dd5-6281f74a11dd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 25

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:47.267416Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 98d4a34c-7e3b-4683-b28f-12eac8998d71 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 26

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:44.504741Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation b36c1198-3ea1-44bb-bafd-681611e4d84a · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 27

Resolution: metadata mismatch; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:44.994754Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 0498b4d7-ebb9-4582-9b71-0c9ea4641385 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 28

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:43.805480Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 740167d8-b98e-4517-b90f-fbb2ea7dbe81 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 29

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:47.092786Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation a121705e-bb6a-4948-bdc6-b24ef52a4091 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 30

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:44.012577Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation eb2fc0ef-4f29-4833-8447-487908187d1a · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 31

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:44.074734Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2bae578e-921f-4d4b-aee7-d116304aafd5 · outbound

This paper cites doi:10.1007/978-3-031-64302-6{_}20.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools doi:10.1007/978-3-031-64302-6{_}20

Reference 32

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:43.967434Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d553dccb-464a-4952-8df6-2cc08afd47fc · outbound

This paper cites Smith, and Stephen MacNeil.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Smith, and Stephen MacNeil

Reference 33

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:44.202579Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation addfa252-a41b-4e9c-8055-7ecfe14d9456 · outbound

This paper cites Replacing Judges with Juries: Evaluating LLM Generations with a Panel of Diverse Models.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Replacing Judges with Juries: Evaluating LLM Generations with a Panel of Diverse Models

Reference 34

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:44.266770Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c1151709-d1e3-43dd-a914-a922ba85d873 · outbound

This paper cites Qwen3 Technical Report.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Qwen3 Technical Report

Reference 35

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:44.135300Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a4a4aad5-3a62-414c-928e-3f7c06ceb33a · outbound

This paper cites Xing, Hao Zhang, Joseph E.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Xing, Hao Zhang, Joseph E

Reference 36

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:46.951757Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 91747c45-0974-450d-a710-52f4c75e3fdf · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Unresolved cited work

Reference 38

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:44.320556Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 23766763-f67c-4623-8d7e-5d6ac324a3b2 · outbound

This paper cites 95-113).

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools 95-113)

Reference 2024

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:42.919705Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation c091cb50-3bfd-4777-9b09-6d3f9741ba1b · outbound

This paper cites Debugging Without Error Messages: How LLM Prompting Strategy Affects Programming Error Explanation Effectiveness.

Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools Debugging Without Error Messages: How LLM Prompting Strategy Affects Programming Error Explanation Effectiveness

Reference 2025

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T19:44:43.595206Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation 9712208e-0f18-46da-bed7-f99e353c4aa3 · inbound

Fine-Tuning Models for Automated Code Review Feedback cites this paper.

Fine-Tuning Models for Automated Code Review Feedback Narrowing the Gap: Supervised Fine-Tuning of Open-Source LLMs as a Viable Alternative to Proprietary Models for Pedagogical Tools

Reference 36

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-14T20:42:58.349851Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.