Intensity fluctuations of radio halo in galaxy cluster: Insights from power spectrum estimation

Nirupam Roy; Sameer Salunkhe; Samir Choudhuri; Srijita Pal; Surajit Paul; Tanu Sharma

REVIEW 3 major objections 4 minor 300 references

Intensity fluctuations of radio halo in galaxy cluster: Insights from power spectrum estimation

T0 review · 3 major / 4 minor · reviewed 2026-07-10 · grok-4.5

Challenge this review Re-run · record.json Download PDF Read on arXiv ↗ Review JSON

Pith's one-line read Radio-halo intensity needs power-law fluctuations, not just a smooth profile, to match the observed angular power spectrum.

desk verdict Solid first application of visibility APS to radio-halo intensity fluctuations; the finite-source TGE correction and the Abell 2744 residual result are real, but the β=3 turbulence claim is still phenomenological and residual-systematics limited. read the letter →

arxiv 2607.07814 v1 pith:V7GQZFRK submitted 2026-07-08 astro-ph.CO

Srijita Pal , Nirupam Roy , Sameer Salunkhe , Surajit Paul , Tanu Sharma , Samir Choudhuri This is my paper · ORCID

classification astro-ph.CO

keywords galaxyclustersradiohalosangularpowerspectrumICMturbulenceTaperedGriddedEstimatorsynchrotronemissionmagnetohydrodynamics

verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal

The pith

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The reading

This paper argues that the angular power spectrum of radio-halo emission is a practical way to study turbulence and particle acceleration in galaxy-cluster plasma. Using 610 MHz interferometric data on two clusters, the authors recover an excess power spectrum only for the disturbed system Abell 2744. They show that a smooth exponential surface-brightness profile alone cannot reproduce that spectrum; multiplicative Gaussian fluctuations whose power spectrum scales as ℓ^{-3} on top of the exponential are required. The measured slope is then compared with simple MHD-turbulence expectations, and the same visibility-based estimator is proposed as a route to detect faint or mega-halo emission that is hard to see in images, especially with the large data volumes expected from future arrays.

What carries the argument

Adapted Tapered Gridded Estimator (TGE) with an extra amplitude normalization that corrects for emission confined to a small fraction of the primary beam; the estimator yields unbiased C_ℓ directly from residual visibilities after compact-source subtraction.

What would settle it

A deeper multi-frequency map of Abell 2744 in which residual compact sources and Galactic emission are subtracted to a level well below the present C_ℓ, yet the residual spectrum still requires (or no longer requires) an ℓ^{-3} fluctuation component on top of the exponential profile.

Watch

Extended reading notes

Core claim

A smooth exponential radial surface-brightness profile by itself fails to reproduce the residual angular power spectrum of Abell 2744; multiplicative zero-mean Gaussian fluctuations with C_ℓ ∝ ℓ^{-3.0±0.1} superimposed on that profile recover the observed spectrum over the fitted multipole range.

Load-bearing premise

That residual power left after compact-source subtraction and above the scaled Galactic-synchrotron prediction is entirely the radio halo, so the fitted fluctuation index can be compared with turbulence models.

Share X Bluesky LinkedIn Reddit HN

Signed reviews

No signed human review yet.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, and a circularity audit.

Desk Editor's Note

read the letter

The new piece here is not TGE itself (that is prior work by this group) but the finite-source amplitude correction and the first use of visibility-based C_ℓ on radio-halo intensity fluctuations. They derive the extra normalization for emission confined inside a small fraction of the primary beam, validate it end-to-end on GMRT-like simulations of Abell 2744, and recover an input power law to ≲20 % after the correction. That part is clean and useful for anyone who wants to run APS on compact extended sources.

On the data side they do the right things: conservative interactive source subtraction, residual images shown, DGSE floor estimated two ways from surrounding TGSS fields and scaled with α=2.8, and a clear demonstration that a pure exponential radial profile cannot reproduce the residual C_ℓ of Abell 2744 while multiplicative Gaussian fluctuations with C_ℓ ∝ ℓ^{-3} can. MACSJ0152 serves as a useful non-detection control. The method is also well-motivated for SKA-scale data volumes.

Soft spots are real but not fatal. The reduced-χ^{2} values (0.08–0.22) look too low and the error bars are estimated under a Gaussian-field assumption that the surface-brightness model itself violates. The β=3.0 index is chosen by minimizing χ^{2} against the same residual spectrum it is meant to explain, and the comparison to MHD turbulence models is left for a future paper. Residual structure around bright sources after interactive tclean and the factor-of-a-few uncertainty in the DGSE spectral index mean one cannot yet treat the fluctuation component as pure halo turbulence. Those are addressable limitations, not load-bearing contradictions.

This is for people who work on cluster radio emission, ICM turbulence, or visibility-domain statistics. It deserves a serious referee. I would cite the finite-source correction and the Abell 2744 residual measurement; I would not yet cite the turbulence-index claim without more systematics work.

Referee Report

3 major / 4 minor

Summary. The paper adapts the Tapered Gridded Estimator (TGE) to measure the angular power spectrum C_ℓ of residual 610 MHz GMRT visibilities from the radio-halo regions of Abell 2744 (MACSJ0014.3-302) and MACSJ0152.5-2852. After compact-source subtraction, only Abell 2744 shows excess power above a TGSS-scaled DGSE prediction. The authors derive and validate a finite-source-size normalization for TGE (Eq. 17), then show that a smooth exponential surface-brightness profile alone cannot reproduce the residual C_ℓ; multiplicative zero-mean Gaussian fluctuations with C_ℓ ∝ ℓ^{-3.0±0.1} on top of that profile recover the observed spectrum over 1700 ≲ ℓ ≲ 8525 (Fig. 10). They present piecewise power-law fits (Table 3) and discuss a possible link to ICM MHD turbulence, while noting that a full 3-D comparison is left for future work.

Significance. If the residual power is genuinely halo emission, the work supplies a visibility-domain route to intensity-fluctuation statistics that is complementary to imaging and RM studies, is computationally light, and is well-matched to large SKA-era cluster samples and megahalo searches. The finite-size TGE correction is derived from first principles and is end-to-end validated on independent simulations that recover the input power law to ≲ 20 % after correction—a concrete, reusable methodological contribution. The explicit demonstration that a smooth exponential fails while a power-law fluctuation component succeeds is a falsifiable, quantitative claim that can be tested on larger samples.

major comments (3)

[Section 6, Figure 10] Section 6 / Fig. 10: The central claim that multiplicative fluctuations with β = 3.0 ± 0.1 are required rests on residual C_ℓ after interactive compact-source subtraction being free of residual calibration structure and DGSE spectral-index error. Section 2.3 and the bottom panels of Fig. 1 show residual structure around bright sources; the text itself notes that literature α values 2.5–3.2 shift the DGSE floor by factors of a few (Sec. 5.2). A quantitative robustness test (e.g., re-fitting after varying the CLEAN threshold or α over the stated range, or injecting residual point-source power) is needed before the necessity of the fluctuation component, and therefore the MHD comparison, can be regarded as secure.
[Table 3, Figure 10] Table 3 and Fig. 10 report reduced-χ^{2} values of 0.08–0.22 for the preferred models. The paper notes that the C_ℓ errors assume a Gaussian random field (following Saha et al. 2019b) and may be overestimated when that assumption fails. Either the error model should be re-derived for the non-Gaussian (exponential + fluctuations) surface-brightness distribution used in the simulations, or the low reduced-χ^{2} should be shown not to bias the selection of β = 3.0.
[Section 6, Abstract] Section 6: The comparison of the observed C_ℓ ∝ ℓ^{-3} with MHD turbulence models is left qualitative, with the authors correctly noting that synchrotron emissivity depends on both n_e and B_⊥ and that a full 3-D treatment is future work. The abstract and introduction nevertheless frame the result as constraining turbulence models. Either the abstract/intro language should be softened to match the discussion, or a minimal quantitative mapping (even under simplifying assumptions on n_e–B correlation) should be supplied so that the claimed comparison is falsifiable.

minor comments (4)

[Abstract / Section 2] The abstract and title use MACSJ0014.3-302 while the body consistently uses Abell 2744; a single naming convention (or an explicit alias statement) would avoid confusion.
[Section 6, Figure 8] Eq. (17) and the subsequent redefinition of θ_eff with the free factor m (Sec. 6) are clear in principle, but the numerical value of m θ_1^{2} adopted for the f = 10 o 0.6 scaling in Fig. 8 is not stated; quoting it would aid reproducibility.
[Appendix A] Figures 11–12 (appendix) show the individual TGSS field fits used for the parametric DGSE prediction; a short table of the retained (A, β) values and the interpolated prediction at the cluster coordinates would make the DGSE floor easier to audit.
Typographical inconsistencies: “foregorund” (Sec. 2.3), “Whi 1999” (missing full citation), and occasional C_l vs C_ℓ notation switches.

Circularity Check

1 steps flagged · score 2.0 of 10

No significant circularity: finite-size TGE normalization is first-principles and simulation-validated; the β=3.0 fluctuation index is an explicit fit to residual C_ℓ, not a claimed first-principles prediction.

fitted input called prediction [Section 6, Figure 10 and surrounding text]
"If we take the fluctuations δ to be zero mean Gaussian random field that has an underlying power spectrum C_ℓ ∝ (1000/ℓ)^{3.0±0.1}, the APS from the simulation is found to be consistent with the observed C_ℓ. ... We have used simulations for 2.4 ≤ β ≤ 3.3, for which we estimated the reduced-χ^{2}. We find that for β=3.0, the reduced-χ^{2} ≈ 0.22 is the minimum ... Based on our analysis we report (1000/ℓ)^{3.0±0.1} as the best-fit model which best recovers the observed C_ℓ."

β is chosen by scanning a grid and minimizing reduced-χ^{2} against the residual C_ℓ that the model is meant to explain. The paper does not claim a first-principles derivation of β=3 from MHD; it only reports the best-fit value. This is ordinary phenomenological fitting, not a circular 'prediction,' but it is the only place where an input is tuned to the target spectrum.

full rationale

The paper's methodological core (adapting 2D TGE for finite-extent sources via the amplitude factor θ'_w^{2}/θ_eff^{2} in Eq. 17) is derived from the convolution of the effective window and is independently validated on simulations whose input C_M_ℓ is known a priori (Section 4, Figures 2–3). DGSE is taken from external TGSS measurements (Choudhuri et al. 2020) and scaled by a literature spectral index; residual C_ℓ is then compared to that external floor. The strongest scientific claim—that a smooth exponential alone fails and multiplicative Gaussian fluctuations with C_ℓ ∝ ℓ^{-3.0±0.1} are required—is obtained by minimizing reduced-χ^{2} of simulated models against the same residual spectrum (Section 6, Figure 10). The paper never presents β=3 as a first-principles derivation from MHD theory; it only reports that this index recovers the data and notes that a full comparison with turbulence models is left for future work. That is ordinary model fitting, not circular prediction. Self-citations to the TGE literature are to prior methodological papers by overlapping authors, but those papers supply the estimator that is re-validated here; they are not load-bearing uniqueness theorems that force the scientific conclusion. Score 2 reflects only the minor, non-load-bearing self-citation of the estimator itself.

Assumptions & free parameters 5 free parameters · 5 assumptions · 0 invented entities

The central claim rests on a small set of fitted amplitudes and indices plus standard radio-interferometric and statistical assumptions. No new physical entities are postulated; the power-law fluctuation field is a phenomenological model, not a new particle or force.

free parameters (5)

fluctuation spectral index β = 3.0 ± 0.1
Fitted by minimizing reduced-χ² of simulated C_ℓ against residual data; best-fit 3.0 ± 0.1 (Section 6).
power-spectrum amplitudes A (and constant C) = 17±3 / 253±57 mK² (Abell 2744); 0.12±0.08 mK² (MACSJ0152)
Piecewise power-law fits to residual C_ℓ (Table 3); free normalizations of the observed spectra.
exponential profile parameters I0, a = I0 ~ 4 mJy/beam, a ~ 0.016 arcsec^{-1}
Best-fit to azimuthally averaged surface brightness of Abell 2744; used as the smooth component of the simulation model.
DGSE spectral index α = 2.8
Adopted from La Porta et al. (2008) to scale TGSS C_ℓ from 147 MHz to 612 MHz; not re-fitted but controls the subtracted background level.
tapering parameter f and effective source size m θ1² = f = 0.6 preferred; m θ1² from f=5 and 0.8 pair
f chosen by hand (0.6–10); m θ1² inferred from relative C_ℓ amplitudes at two f values to generalize the finite-size correction for non-Gaussian profiles.

assumptions (5)

domain assumption Brightness-temperature fluctuations are a statistically homogeneous and isotropic Gaussian random field so that the two-point function fully characterizes the signal and the TGE noise-bias subtraction is unbiased.
Stated in Section 3.1 and used throughout estimator derivation and error estimation; authors later note the real halo is non-Gaussian.
domain assumption Flat-sky approximation is adequate for the GMRT FoV at 610 MHz (~43′).
Invoked in Section 3.2 for the finite-size normalization derivation.
domain assumption Primary beam and tapering window can be modelled as Gaussians, allowing closed-form effective window and normalization factor.
Equations (4)–(17); standard for TGE literature but approximate near the first null.
ad hoc to paper Residual compact sources after interactive CLEAN subtraction contribute only a constant (Poisson) floor at high ℓ and do not bias the low-ℓ power-law slope.
Assumed when interpreting the broken power-law and when omitting residual sources from the halo simulations (Section 6).
domain assumption DGSE in the target fields can be spatially interpolated from surrounding TGSS pointings and scaled by a single spectral index α = 2.8.
Section 5.2; parametric and non-parametric routes both used, but α is taken from the literature without local re-measurement.

how reviews work

0 comments

Cite this review

Pith. "Pith review of Intensity fluctuations of radio halo in galaxy cluster: Insights from power spectrum estimation." pith.science (2026). https://pith.science/paper/V7GQZFRK

@misc{pith2026260707814,
  author       = {Pith},
  title        = {Pith review of: Intensity fluctuations of radio halo in galaxy cluster: Insights from power spectrum estimation},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://pith.science/paper/V7GQZFRK}},
  note         = {Machine review of arXiv:2607.07814}
}

read the original abstract

Non-thermal synchrotron emissions from radio halo allow us to study mechanisms of particle (re)acceleration, magnetic field distribution, merger history, and turbulence in the intra-cluster medium. We propose power spectrum estimation as a novel and complementary method to study galaxy clusters. We use 610 MHz observations of MACSJ0014.3-302 and MACSJ0152.5-2852 to estimate the angular power spectrum (C_l) from the central halo regions. The C_l shows excess emission only for MACSJ0014.3-302. Using simulations, we find that a halo model with power-law fluctuations, in addition to the smooth exponential radial profile, is required to explain the observed C_l. We compare the observed power-law with existing models of MHD turbulence. The method may be useful for large data from SKA, finding megahalos in other sources, or detecting faint cluster emissions beyond the visible extent.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2607.07814 by the authors.

**Figure 1.** Total intensity map of Abell 2744 (left column) and MACSJ0152 (right column) fields at ∼ 610 MHz, obtained using CASA task tclean, after - (uppermost row) initial processing of the data with SPAM; (middle row) additional rounds of manual self-calibration using CASA; (lowermost row) compact source subtraction from the data [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p005_1.png] view at source ↗

**Figure 2.** Cℓ as a function of ℓ for different tapering values ‘f’ as indicated in the legend, considering simulations of Abell 2744 observation. The leftmost panel shows Cℓ estimated from one realization of the simulations. The data points in the middle panel show Cℓ with 1σ error bars estimated from simulations of 10 different sky realizations drawn from the input model angular power spectrum C M ℓ (solid black lines in all … view at source ↗

**Figure 3.** Upper parts : The data points show Cℓ as a function of ℓ for simulations of Abell 2744 at different tapering values ‘f’ after amplitude correction with 1σ error bars estimated from simulations of 10 different sky realizations drawn from the input model angular power spectrum C M ℓ (black solid lines). Lower parts : The fractional error δ = [C M ℓ − Cℓ]/CM ℓ (data points) and the relative statistical fluctuation σ… view at source ↗

Figures from the paper (9 more)

**Figure 4.** Figure 4: Cℓ as a function of ℓ estimated for Abell 2744 (left panel) and MACSJ0152 (right panel) at different tapering values ‘f’, as indicated in the legend, before (solid lines) and after (dashed lines) compact source subtraction. The vertical dashed lines show ℓmin where the…

**Figure 5.** Figure 5: This shows the fields surrounding Abell 2744 and MACSJ0152 within a radius of 3.5 ◦ that are observed in the TGSS survey. The black ×’ denotes the phase centre of the fields, and the black lines around them roughly show the FoV of GMRT for the TGSS survey. The red circ…

**Figure 6.** Figure 6: The data points show Cℓ along with 1σ errors (the shaded regions) estimated by S. Choudhuri et al. 2020 at ∼ 147 MHz for the TGSS fields surrounding Abell 2744 and MACSJ0152, as shown in [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p015_6.png]

**Figure 7.** Figure 7: The shaded regions along with the data points show the same data as in [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p015_7.png]

**Figure 9.** Figure 9: Piecewise power law model fit to the Cℓ for the residual data. The observed Cℓ (blue data points) at f = 0.6 for the residual data are shown with 1σ errors along with estimated DGSE contribution (black-dashed lines). The best-fit models are also shown. The vertical bl…

**Figure 8.** Figure 8: The observed Cℓ at f = 0.6 (blue-solid lines with data points) for the residual data for Abell 2744 are shown with 1σ errors. The same is also shown at f = 10 (red-dashed lines with data points) after we have scaled the estimated Cℓ to account for the small and finite …

**Figure 10.** Figure 10: The observed Cℓ at f = 0.6 (blue data points) for the residual data for Abell 2744 are shown with 1σ errors. The recovered Cℓ with 1σ errors estimated from three independent realizations of the simulated model with an exponential radial profile and power-law fluctua…

**Figure 11.** Figure 11: DGSE fits for individual fields around Abell 2744, as shown in the left panel of [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p024_11.png]

**Figure 12.** Figure 12: DGSE fits for individual fields around MACSJ0152, as shown in the right panel of [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p025_12.png]

Discussion (0). Continue with ORCID to comment.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

300 extracted references · 300 canonical work pages

[1]

Intema, H.; Mooley, K. , url=

work page
[2]

Low-frequency radio study of MACS clusters at 610 and 235 MHz using the GMRT

Low-frequency radio study of MACS clusters at 610 and 235 MHz using the GMRT. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1965 , archivePrefix =. 1903.06799 , primaryClass =

work page Pith review arXiv doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1965 1903
[3]

MNRAS , author =

Strong-lensing analysis of a complete sample of 12 MACS clusters at z > 0.5: mass models and Einstein radii. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17574.x , archivePrefix =. 1002.0521 , primaryClass =

work page doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17574.x 2010
[4]

MNRAS , author =

The X-ray brightest clusters of galaxies from the Massive Cluster Survey. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16920.x , archivePrefix =. 1004.4683 , primaryClass =

work page doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16920.x 2010
[5]

Extragalactic Radio Sources , year = 1996, editor =

Diffuse Cluster Radio Sources (Review). Extragalactic Radio Sources , year = 1996, editor =

work page 1996
[6]

Observations of extended radio emission in clusters

Observations of Extended Radio Emission in Clusters. , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s11214-008-9311-x , archivePrefix =. 0801.0985 , primaryClass =

work page Pith review arXiv doi:10.1007/s11214-008-9311-x
[7]

Clusters of galaxies : observational properties of the diffuse radio emission

Clusters of galaxies: observational properties of the diffuse radio emission. , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s00159-012-0054-z , archivePrefix =. 1205.1919 , primaryClass =

work page Pith review arXiv doi:10.1007/s00159-012-0054-z 1919
[8]

and Prestwich, A

Particle reacceleration in the Coma cluster: radio properties and hard X-ray emission. , keywords =. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.03978.x , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0008518 , primaryClass =

work page doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.03978.x 2001

Show all 300 references

[9]

, keywords =

On the Nonthermal Emission and Acceleration of Electrons in Coma and Other Clusters of Galaxies. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/321557 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0101145 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[10]

, keywords =

Particle Acceleration Mechanisms. , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s11214-008-9315-6 , archivePrefix =. 0801.0923 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[11]

, keywords =

Formation of radio halos in clusters of galaxies from cosmic-ray protons. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/183300 , adsurl =

doi
[12]

Astroparticle Physics , keywords =

Cosmic rays, radio halos and nonthermal X-ray emission in clusters of galaxies. Astroparticle Physics , keywords =. doi:10.1016/S0927-6505(99)00079-1 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/9905122 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[13]

, keywords =

Radio halos of galaxy clusters from hadronic secondary electron injection in realistic magnetic field configurations. , keywords =. doi:10.48550/arXiv.astro-ph/0008333 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0008333 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[14]

, keywords =

The intracluster magnetic field power spectrum in Abell 2255. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20065964 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0608433 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[15]

, keywords =

Long RXTE Observations of A2163. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/506310 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0606097 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[16]

Astronomy Letters , keywords =

A Cold Front in the Galaxy Cluster A3667: Hydrodynamics, Heat Conduction and Magnetic Field in the Intergalactic Medium. Astronomy Letters , keywords =. doi:10.1134/1.1499173 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0209551 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[17]

, keywords =

Evolution and structure of magnetic fields in simulated galaxy clusters. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20020241 , adsurl =

doi
[18]

Planck 2018 results. V. CMB power spectra and likelihoods. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936386 , archivePrefix =. 1907.12875 , primaryClass =

2018 doi arXiv
[19]

Deep low-frequency radio observations of Abell 2256. II. The ultra-steep spectrum radio halo. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202244925 , archivePrefix =. 2209.03288 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[20]

, keywords =

Formation of Galaxy Clusters. , keywords =. doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-081811-125502 , archivePrefix =. 1205.5556 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[21]

, keywords =

Diffuse Radio Emission from Galaxy Clusters. , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s11214-019-0584-z , archivePrefix =. 1901.04496 , primaryClass =

1901 doi arXiv
[22]

, keywords =

CHEX-MATE: Characterization of the intra-cluster medium temperature distribution. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202346651 , archivePrefix =. 2311.02176 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[23]

Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy , keywords =

Exploring diffuse radio emission in galaxy clusters and groups with uGMRT and SKA. Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s12036-023-09914-2 , archivePrefix =. 2211.01393 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[24]

, keywords =

Origin and transport of electrons in the halo radio source in the Coma cluster. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/155011 , adsurl =

doi
[25]

Science Advances , keywords =

Magnetic fields and relativistic electrons fill entire galaxy cluster. Science Advances , keywords =. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abq7623 , archivePrefix =. 2211.01493 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[26]

Nature Astronomy , keywords =

The case for electron re-acceleration at galaxy cluster shocks. Nature Astronomy , keywords =. doi:10.1038/s41550-016-0005 , archivePrefix =. 1701.01439 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[27]

, keywords =

Radio halos in nearby (z < 0.4) clusters of galaxies. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912667 , archivePrefix =. 0909.0911 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[28]

, keywords =

Galaxy clusters enveloped by vast volumes of relativistic electrons. , keywords =. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-05149-3 , archivePrefix =. 2209.13617 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[29]

arXiv e-prints , keywords =

Discovery of a radio megahalo in the cluster PLCKG287.0+32.9 using the uGMRT. arXiv e-prints , keywords =. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2503.12136 , archivePrefix =. 2503.12136 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[30]

, keywords =

Evolution of Shocks and Turbulence in Major Cluster Mergers. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/726/1/17 , archivePrefix =. 1001.1170 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[31]

International Journal of Modern Physics D , keywords =

Cosmic Rays in Galaxy Clusters and Their Nonthermal Emission. International Journal of Modern Physics D , keywords =. doi:10.1142/S0218271814300079 , archivePrefix =. 1401.7519 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[32]

Merging Processes in Galaxy Clusters , year = 2002, editor =

The Physics of Cluster Mergers. Merging Processes in Galaxy Clusters , year = 2002, editor =. doi:10.1007/0-306-48096-4_1 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0105418 , primaryClass =

2002 doi arXiv
[33]

Advancing Astrophysics with the Square Kilometre Array (AASKA14) , year = 2015, month = apr, eid =

Advancing Astrophysics with the Square Kilometre Array. Advancing Astrophysics with the Square Kilometre Array (AASKA14) , year = 2015, month = apr, eid =. doi:10.22323/1.215.0174 , adsurl =

2015 doi
[34]

Toward a Theory of Interstellar Turbulence. II. Strong Alfvenic Turbulence. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/175121 , adsurl =

doi
[35]

, keywords =

Polarization Intermittency and Its Influence on MHD Turbulence. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/503708 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0512315 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[36]

, keywords =

Burgers turbulence. , keywords =. doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2007.04.002 , archivePrefix =. 0704.1611 , primaryClass =

2007 doi arXiv
[37]

, keywords =

On the evolution of giant radio halos and their connection with cluster mergers. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912751 , archivePrefix =. 0909.2343 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[38]

, keywords =

Back and forth from cool core to non-cool core: clues from radio halos. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201117306 , archivePrefix =. 1106.4563 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[39]

, keywords =

New giant radio sources and underluminous radio halos in two galaxy clusters. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731174 , archivePrefix =. 1709.06364 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[40]

Akademiia Nauk SSSR Doklady , year = 1941, month = jan, volume =

The Local Structure of Turbulence in Incompressible Viscous Fluid for Very Large Reynolds' Numbers. Akademiia Nauk SSSR Doklady , year = 1941, month = jan, volume =

1941
[41]

, year = 1964, month = feb, volume =

Turbulence of a Conducting Fluid in a Strong Magnetic Field. , year = 1964, month = feb, volume =

1964
[42]

Physics of Fluids , year = 1965, month = jul, volume =

Inertial-Range Spectrum of Hydromagnetic Turbulence. Physics of Fluids , year = 1965, month = jul, volume =. doi:10.1063/1.1761412 , adsurl =

1965 doi
[43]

, keywords =

Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence as a Foreground for Cosmic Microwave Background Studies. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/342722 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0205284 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[44]

, keywords =

Compressible Sub-Alfv \'e nic MHD Turbulence in Low- Plasmas. , keywords =. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.245001 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0205282 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[45]

, keywords =

New Regime of Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence: Cascade below the Viscous Cutoff. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/339453 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0112195 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[46]

, keywords =

Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in supernova remnants. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2008.00591.x , archivePrefix =. 0811.1466 , primaryClass =

2008 doi
[47]

, keywords =

On the Connection between Turbulent Motions and Particle Acceleration in Galaxy Clusters. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aa7c1a , archivePrefix =. 1705.02341 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[48]

, keywords =

Power Spectrum of the Density of Cold Atomic Gas in the Galaxy toward Cassiopeia A and Cygnus A. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/317104 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0007366 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[49]

Journal of Korean Astronomical Society , keywords =

Faraday Rotation Observations of Magnetic Fields in Galaxy Clusters. Journal of Korean Astronomical Society , keywords =. doi:10.5303/JKAS.2004.37.5.337 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0412268 , primaryClass =

2004 doi arXiv
[50]

International Journal of Modern Physics D , keywords =

Magnetic Fields in Clusters of Galaxies. International Journal of Modern Physics D , keywords =. doi:10.1142/S0218271804005080 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0410182 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[51]

, keywords =

Faraday rotation measure synthesis. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20052990 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0507349 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[52]

Physics of Fluids , year = 1967, month = jul, volume =

Inertial Ranges in Two-Dimensional Turbulence. Physics of Fluids , year = 1967, month = jul, volume =. doi:10.1063/1.1762301 , adsurl =

1967 doi
[53]

Journal of Fluid Mechanics , year = 1971, month = jan, volume =

Inertial-range transfer in two- and three-dimensional turbulence. Journal of Fluid Mechanics , year = 1971, month = jan, volume =. doi:10.1017/S0022112071001216 , adsurl =

1971 doi
[54]

Physics of Fluids , year = 1968, month = mar, volume =

Diffusion Approximation for Two-Dimensional Turbulence. Physics of Fluids , year = 1968, month = mar, volume =. doi:10.1063/1.1691968 , adsurl =

1968 doi
[55]

Physics of Fluids , year = 1969, month = dec, volume =

Computation of the Energy Spectrum in Homogeneous Two-Dimensional Turbulence. Physics of Fluids , year = 1969, month = dec, volume =. doi:10.1063/1.1692443 , adsurl =

1969 doi
[56]

, keywords =

Low-wavenumber spectral characteristics of velocity and temperature in the atmospheric surface layer. , keywords =. doi:10.1029/94JD02616 , adsurl =

doi
[57]

, keywords =

Energy Spectrum of Two-Dimensional Acoustic Turbulence. , keywords =. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.224501 , archivePrefix =. 2112.10662 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[58]

, keywords =

A study of Kepler supernova remnant: angular power spectrum estimation from radio frequency data. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2528 , archivePrefix =. 1909.03195 , primaryClass =

1909 doi arXiv
[59]

IEEE Proceedings , keywords =

The Very Large Array: design and performance of a modern synthesis radio telescope. IEEE Proceedings , keywords =. doi:10.1109/PROC.1983.12765 , adsurl =

1983 doi
[60]

arXiv e-prints , keywords =

MeerKAT Key Project Science, Specifications, and Proposals. arXiv e-prints , keywords =. doi:10.48550/arXiv.0910.2935 , archivePrefix =. 0910.2935 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[61]

American Astronomical Society Meeting Abstracts \#215 , year = 2010, series =

Survey Science with ASKAP: Polarization Sky Survey of the Universe's Magnetism (POSSUM). American Astronomical Society Meeting Abstracts \#215 , year = 2010, series =

2010
[62]

Synthesis Imaging in Radio Astronomy II , year = 1999, series =

Synthesis Imaging in Radio Astronomy II. Synthesis Imaging in Radio Astronomy II , year = 1999, series =

1999
[63]

, keywords =

Evidence for Reionization at z -0.5ex 6: Detection of a Gunn-Peterson Trough in a z=6.28 Quasar. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/324231 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0108097 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[64]

, keywords =

Evolution of the Ionizing Background and the Epoch of Reionization from the Spectra of z -0.5ex 6 Quasars. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/339030 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0111184 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[65]

Constraining the Evolution of the Ionizing Background and the Epoch of Reionization with z -0.5ex 6 Quasars. II. A Sample of 19 Quasars. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/504836 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0512082 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[66]

, keywords =

The Large Bright QSO Survey for Damped LY alpha Absorption Systems. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/176523 , adsurl =

doi
[67]

, keywords =

Data Analysis for Precision 21 cm Cosmology. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/1538-3873/ab5bfd , archivePrefix =. 1907.08211 , primaryClass =

1907 doi arXiv
[68]

Radiative processes in astrophysics
[69]

IEEE Transactions on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing , keywords =

Some Windows with Very Good Sidelobe Behavior. IEEE Transactions on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing , keywords =
[70]

, keywords =

Science with the Murchison Widefield Array. , keywords =. doi:10.1017/pas.2013.009 , archivePrefix =. 1212.5151 , primaryClass =

2013 doi arXiv
[71]

, keywords =

HI constraints from the cross-correlation of eBOSS galaxies and Green Bank Telescope intensity maps. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab3621 , archivePrefix =. 2102.04946 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[72]

, keywords =

Low-amplitude clustering in low-redshift 21-cm intensity maps cross-correlated with 2dF galaxy densities. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty346 , archivePrefix =. 1710.00424 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[73]

, keywords =

Baryonic acoustic oscillations from 21 cm intensity mapping: the Square Kilometre Array case. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw3224 , archivePrefix =. 1609.00019 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[74]

Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems , keywords =

Hydrogen Intensity and Real-Time Analysis Experiment: 256-element array status and overview. Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems , keywords =. doi:10.1117/1.JATIS.8.1.011019 , archivePrefix =. 2109.13755 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[75]

, keywords =

Effects of Antenna Beam Chromaticity on Redshifted 21 cm Power Spectrum and Implications for Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/825/1/9 , archivePrefix =. 1603.08958 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[76]

, keywords =

The auto- and cross-angular power spectrum of the Cas A supernova remnant in radio and X-ray. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab446 , archivePrefix =. 2102.06093 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[77]

, keywords =

Cosmological constraints from 21cm surveys after reionization. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2009/10/030 , archivePrefix =. 0812.0419 , primaryClass =

2009 doi arXiv
[78]

, keywords =

Primordial Non-Gaussianity in the Forest: 3D Bispectrum of Lyman- Flux Spectra along Multiple Lines of Sight. , keywords =. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.121301 , archivePrefix =. 1205.2790 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[79]

arXiv e-prints , keywords =

Detection of Cosmological 21 cm Emission with the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment. arXiv e-prints , keywords =
[80]

Time series analysis with CLEAN. I. Derivation of a spectrum. , year = 1987, month = apr, volume =. doi:10.1086/114383 , adsurl =

1987 doi
[81]

, keywords =

HI Fluctuations at Large Redshifts: II - the Signal Expected for the GMRT. , keywords =. doi:10.1007/BF03012189 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0307303 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[82]

, keywords =

Foregrounds for redshifted 21-cm studies of reionization: Giant Meter Wave Radio Telescope 153-MHz observations. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.12984.x , archivePrefix =. 0801.2424 , primaryClass =

2008 doi
[83]

, keywords =

Prospects for Detecting the 326.5 MHz Redshifted 21-cm HI Signal with the Ooty Radio Telescope (ORT). , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s12036-014-9301-1 , archivePrefix =. 1310.1707 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[84]

Low Frequency Array observations of the 3C196 field

Polarization leakage in epoch of reionization windows - I. Low Frequency Array observations of the 3C196 field. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1107 , archivePrefix =. 1503.01644 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[85]

Wide-field effects of narrow-field arrays

Polarization leakage in epoch of reionization windows - III. Wide-field effects of narrow-field arrays. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty258 , archivePrefix =. 1706.00875 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[86]

, keywords =

First Season MWA EoR Power spectrum Results at Redshift 7. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/833/1/102 , archivePrefix =. 1608.06281 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[87]

, keywords =

Improving the Epoch of Reionization Power Spectrum Results from Murchison Widefield Array Season 1 Observations. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab40a8 , archivePrefix =. 1909.00561 , primaryClass =

1909 doi arXiv
[88]

Foregrounds for observations of the cosmological 21 cm line. I. First Westerbork measurements of Galactic emission at 150 MHz in a low latitude field. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200911627 , archivePrefix =. 0904.0404 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[89]

, eprint =

HI Fluctuations at Large Redshifts: I--Visibility correlation. , eprint =. doi:10.1007/BF02702273 , adsurl =

doi
[90]

Formalism and the expected signal

On using visibility correlations to probe the HI distribution from the dark ages to the present epoch - I. Formalism and the expected signal. , eprint =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08604.x , adsurl =

2004 doi
[91]

, keywords =

A Tapered Gridded Estimator (TGE) for the multifrequency angular power spectrum (MAPS) and the cosmological H I 21-cm power spectrum. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty3501 , archivePrefix =. 1812.08801 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[92]

, archivePrefix = "arXiv", eprint =

Foreground Contamination in Interferometric Measurements of the Redshifted 21 cm Power Spectrum. , archivePrefix = "arXiv", eprint =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/695/1/183 , adsurl =

doi
[93]

Characterizing the 325 MHz foreground for redshifted 21 cm observations

Detailed study of the ELAIS N1 field with the uGMRT - I. Characterizing the 325 MHz foreground for redshifted 21 cm observations. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1580 , archivePrefix =. 1906.01655 , primaryClass =

1906 doi arXiv
[94]

Source properties and spectral variation of foreground power spectrum from 300-500 MHz observations

Detailed study of ELAIS N1 field with the uGMRT - II. Source properties and spectral variation of foreground power spectrum from 300-500 MHz observations. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2533 , archivePrefix =. 1908.10380 , primaryClass =

1908 doi arXiv
[95]

, archivePrefix = "arXiv", eprint =

Foreground removal using FASTICA: a showcase of LOFAR-EoR. , archivePrefix = "arXiv", eprint =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21065.x , adsurl =

2012 doi
[96]

, keywords =

Characterizing Signal Loss in the 21 cm Reionization Power Spectrum: A Revised Study of PAPER-64. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aae833 , archivePrefix =. 1810.05175 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[97]

, keywords =

Visibility-based angular power spectrum estimation in low-frequency radio interferometric observations. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu2027 , archivePrefix =. 1409.7789 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[98]

, keywords =

Tapering the sky response for angular power spectrum estimation from low-frequency radio-interferometric data. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw607 , archivePrefix =. 1603.02513 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[99]

, keywords =

The visibility-based tapered gridded estimator (TGE) for the redshifted 21-cm power spectrum. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw2254 , archivePrefix =. 1609.01732 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[100]

, keywords =

The angular power spectrum measurement of the Galactic synchrotron emission in two fields of the TGSS survey. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slx066 , archivePrefix =. 1704.08642 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[101]

, keywords =

An Image-based Tapered Gridded Estimator (ITGE) for the angular power spectrum. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty3429 , archivePrefix =. 1812.06995 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[102]

I - Observations at southern declinations and for the North Polar region

A 408 MHz all-sky continuum survey. I - Observations at southern declinations and for the North Polar region. , keywords =
[103]

A 408 MHz all-sky continuum survey. II. The atlas of contour maps. , keywords =
[104]

, keywords =

A radio continuum survey of the northen sky at 1420 MHz - Part I. , keywords =
[105]

A radio continuum survey of the northern sky at 1420 MHz. II. , keywords =
[106]

, keywords =

A map of spectral indices of the galactic radio continuum emission between 408 MHz and 1420 MHz for the entire northern sky. , keywords =
[107]

, keywords =

A model of diffuse Galactic radio emission from 10 MHz to 100 GHz. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13376.x , archivePrefix =. 0802.1525 , primaryClass =

2008 doi
[108]

The impact of Galactic synchrotron emission on CMB anisotropy measurements. I. Angular power spectrum analysis of total intensity all-sky surveys. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078435 , archivePrefix =. 0801.0547 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[109]

, keywords =

An improved source-subtracted and destriped 408-MHz all-sky map. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1274 , archivePrefix =. 1411.3628 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[110]

, keywords =

An improved model of diffuse galactic radio emission from 10 MHz to 5 THz. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw2525 , archivePrefix =. 1605.04920 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[111]

arXiv e-prints , keywords =

Measurements of the diffuse Galactic synchrotron spectral index and curvature from MeerKLASS pilot data. arXiv e-prints , keywords =
[112]

Estimating brightness temperature fluctuations using the 150-MHz TGSS survey

All-sky angular power spectrum - I. Estimating brightness temperature fluctuations using the 150-MHz TGSS survey. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa762 , archivePrefix =. 2003.07869 , primaryClass =

2003 doi arXiv
[113]

arXiv e-prints , keywords =

Degree-Scale Galactic Radio Emission at 122 MHz around the North Celestial Pole with LOFAR-AARTFAAC. arXiv e-prints , keywords =
[114]

, keywords =

A method for subtracting foregrounds from multifrequency CMB sky maps**. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/281.4.1297 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/9507009 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[115]

, keywords =

Foregrounds and Forecasts for the Cosmic Microwave Background. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/308348 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/9905257 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[116]

, keywords =

The angular power spectrum of radio emission at 2.3 GHz. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20010384 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0103233 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[117]

, keywords =

Towards a model of full-sky Galactic synchrotron intensity and linear polarisation: A re-analysis of the Parkes data. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20020285 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0202520 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[118]

The atlas of contour maps

A radio continuum survey of the southern sky at 1420 MHz. The atlas of contour maps. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20011000 , adsurl =

doi
[119]

, keywords =

Spectral Index of the Diffuse Radio Background Measured from 100 to 200 MHz. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/136/2/641 , archivePrefix =. 0806.2868 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[120]

, keywords =

Bright Source Subtraction Requirements for Redshifted 21 cm Measurements. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/724/1/526 , archivePrefix =. 1005.4071 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[121]

, keywords =

The multifrequency angular power spectrum of the epoch of reionization 21-cm signal. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.11747.x , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0605546 , primaryClass =

2007 doi
[122]

, keywords =

Light-cone effect on the reionization 21-cm power spectrum. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21293.x , archivePrefix =. 1109.1284 , primaryClass =

2012 doi
[123]

, keywords =

Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA). , keywords =. doi:10.1088/1538-3873/129/974/045001 , archivePrefix =. 1606.07473 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[124]

, keywords =

Overcoming real-world obstacles in 21 cm power spectrum estimation: A method demonstration and results from early Murchison Widefield Array data. , keywords =. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.89.023002 , archivePrefix =. 1304.4229 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[125]

, keywords =

Empirical covariance modeling for 21 cm power spectrum estimation: A method demonstration and new limits from early Murchison Widefield Array 128-tile data. , keywords =. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.91.123011 , archivePrefix =. 1506.01026 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[126]

, keywords =

First limits on the 21 cm power spectrum during the Epoch of X-ray heating. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw1022 , archivePrefix =. 1605.00016 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[127]

, keywords =

Radio Foregrounds for the 21 Centimeter Tomography of the Neutral Intergalactic Medium at High Redshifts. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/324293 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0109241 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[128]

, keywords =

The 21 cm Power Spectrum from the Cosmic Dawn: First Results from the OVRO-LWA. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab2629 , archivePrefix =. 1906.08943 , primaryClass =

1906 doi arXiv
[129]

, keywords =

Cosmology at low frequencies: The 21 cm transition and the high-redshift Universe. , keywords =. doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2006.08.002 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0608032 , primaryClass =

2006 doi arXiv
[130]

, keywords =

The first power spectrum limit on the 21-cm signal of neutral hydrogen during the Cosmic Dawn at z = 20-25 from LOFAR. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1937 , archivePrefix =. 1809.06661 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[131]

, keywords =

GMRT observation towards detecting the post-reionization 21-cm signal. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17853.x , archivePrefix =. 1010.4489 , primaryClass =

2010 doi
[132]

, keywords =

Improved foreground removal in GMRT 610 MHz observations towards redshifted 21-cm tomography. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19649.x , archivePrefix =. 1108.3707 , primaryClass =

2011 doi
[133]

, keywords =

Characterizing foreground for redshifted 21 cm radiation: 150 MHz Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope observations. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21889.x , archivePrefix =. 1208.1617 , primaryClass =

2012 doi
[134]

, keywords =

Foreground modelling via Gaussian process regression: an application to HERA data. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1331 , archivePrefix =. 2004.06041 , primaryClass =

2004 doi arXiv
[135]

First LOFAR Galactic foreground detection

Studying Galactic interstellar turbulence through fluctuations in synchrotron emission. First LOFAR Galactic foreground detection. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322013 , archivePrefix =. 1308.2804 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[136]

First alternative data release TGSS ADR1

The GMRT 150 MHz all-sky radio survey. First alternative data release TGSS ADR1. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201628536 , archivePrefix =. 1603.04368 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[137]

, keywords =

The Murchison Widefield Array 21 cm Power Spectrum Analysis Methodology. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/825/2/114 , archivePrefix =. 1605.06978 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[138]

, keywords =

Foreground simulations for the LOFAR-epoch of reionization experiment. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13634.x , archivePrefix =. 0804.1130 , primaryClass =

2008 doi
[139]

Advancing Astrophysics with the Square Kilometre Array (AASKA14) , year = 2015, month = apr, eid =

The Cosmic Dawn and Epoch of Reionisation with SKA. Advancing Astrophysics with the Square Kilometre Array (AASKA14) , year = 2015, month = apr, eid =

2015
[140]

, keywords =

New Limits on 21 cm Epoch of Reionization from PAPER-32 Consistent with an X-Ray Heated Intergalactic Medium at z = 7.7. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/788/2/106 , archivePrefix =. 1304.4991 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[141]

, keywords =

Measuring Polarization in the Cosmic Microwave Background. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/304123 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/9608131 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[142]

, keywords =

Towards simulating and quantifying the light-cone EoR 21-cm signal. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2888 , archivePrefix =. 1706.09449 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[143]

Planck 2015 results. XIII. Cosmological parameters. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201525830 , archivePrefix =. 1502.01589 , primaryClass =

2015 doi arXiv
[144]

, keywords =

Understanding the diversity of 21 cm cosmology analyses. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty2844 , archivePrefix =. 1810.08731 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[145]

, keywords =

A Simplified, Lossless Reanalysis of PAPER-64. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab3e3a , archivePrefix =. 1909.02085 , primaryClass =

1909 doi arXiv
[146]

, keywords =

First Season MWA Phase II Epoch of Reionization Power Spectrum Results at Redshift 7. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab55e4 , archivePrefix =. 1911.10216 , primaryClass =

1911 doi arXiv
[147]

, keywords =

Will point sources spoil 21-cm tomography?. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14426.x , archivePrefix =. 0807.3952 , primaryClass =

2009 doi
[148]

, keywords =

How well can we measure and understand foregrounds with 21-cm experiments?. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19989.x , archivePrefix =. 1106.0007 , primaryClass =

2011 doi
[149]

Epoch of reionization window. I. Mathematical formalism. , keywords =. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.90.023018 , archivePrefix =. 1404.2596 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[150]

Epoch of reionization window. II. Statistical methods for foreground wedge reduction. , keywords =. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.90.023019 , archivePrefix =. 1404.4372 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[151]

, keywords =

Spherical Harmonic Analyses of Intensity Mapping Power Spectra. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/833/2/242 , archivePrefix =. 1609.04401 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[152]

, keywords =

Characterizing EoR foregrounds: a study of the Lockman Hole region at 325 MHz. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1317 , archivePrefix =. 2005.05205 , primaryClass =

2005 doi arXiv
[153]

, keywords =

Cosmological Parameter Estimation Using 21 cm Radiation from the Epoch of Reionization. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/505167 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0512263 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[154]

Experimental Astronomy , keywords =

Reionization and the Cosmic Dawn with the Square Kilometre Array. Experimental Astronomy , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s10686-013-9334-5 , archivePrefix =. 1210.0197 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[155]

, keywords =

Statistical 21-cm signal separation via Gaussian Process Regression analysis. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1207 , archivePrefix =. 1711.10834 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[156]

, keywords =

Improved upper limits on the 21 cm signal power spectrum of neutral hydrogen at z 9.1 from LOFAR. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa327 , archivePrefix =. 2002.07196 , primaryClass =

2002 doi arXiv
[157]

, keywords =

A method to determine the evolution history of the mean neutral Hydrogen fraction. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/sly226 , archivePrefix =. 1810.06273 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[158]

, keywords =

Predictions for measuring the 21-cm multifrequency angular power spectrum using SKA-Low. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1026 , archivePrefix =. 1910.05196 , primaryClass =

1910 doi arXiv
[159]

, keywords =

Tight constraints on the excess radio background at z = 9.1 from LOFAR. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2422 , archivePrefix =. 2004.00678 , primaryClass =

2004 doi arXiv
[160]

, keywords =

Toward Epoch of Reionization Measurements with Wide-Field Radio Observations. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/424437 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0312437 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[161]

, keywords =

Power Spectrum Sensitivity and the Design of Epoch of Reionization Observatories. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/426730 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0406662 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[162]

, keywords =

Software holography: interferometric data analysis for the challenges of next generation observatories. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15537.x , archivePrefix =. 0810.5107 , primaryClass =

2009 doi
[163]

, keywords =

Reionization and Cosmology with 21-cm Fluctuations. , keywords =. doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-081309-130936 , archivePrefix =. 0910.3010 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[164]

, keywords =

The GMRT Epoch of Reionization experiment: a new upper limit on the neutral hydrogen power spectrum at z 8.6. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18208.x , archivePrefix =. 1006.1351 , primaryClass =

2011 doi
[165]

, keywords =

A simulation-calibrated limit on the H I power spectrum from the GMRT Epoch of Reionization experiment. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stt753 , archivePrefix =. 1301.5906 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[166]

, keywords =

Calibration of Low-Frequency, Wide-Field Radio Interferometers Using Delay/Delay-Rate Filtering. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/138/1/219 , archivePrefix =. 0901.2575 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[167]

, keywords =

The Precision Array for Probing the Epoch of Re-ionization: Eight Station Results. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/139/4/1468 , archivePrefix =. 0904.2334 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[168]

, keywords =

A Per-baseline, Delay-spectrum Technique for Accessing the 21 cm Cosmic Reionization Signature. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/756/2/165 , archivePrefix =. 1204.4749 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[169]

, keywords =

Upper Limits on the 21 cm Epoch of Reionization Power Spectrum from One Night with LOFAR. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa63e7 , archivePrefix =. 1702.08679 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[170]

, keywords =

Detecting the 21 cm Signal from the Epoch of Reionization Using Drift Scans: Correlation of Time-ordered Visibilities. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab5185 , archivePrefix =. 1905.05772 , primaryClass =

1905 doi arXiv
[171]

, keywords =

First detection of cosmic structure in the 21-cm intensity field. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2008.00581.x , archivePrefix =. 0802.3239 , primaryClass =

2008 doi
[172]

, keywords =

The 6dF Galaxy Survey: samples, observational techniques and the first data release. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.08353.x , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0403501 , primaryClass =

2004 doi
[173]

, keywords =

The HI Parkes All Sky Survey: southern observations, calibration and robust imaging. , keywords =. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04102.x , adsurl =

2001 doi
[174]

, keywords =

The GMRT EoR experiment: limits on polarized sky brightness at 150 MHz. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14980.x , archivePrefix =. 0807.1056 , primaryClass =

2009 doi
[175]

Planck intermediate results. XLVII. Planck constraints on reionization history. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201628897 , archivePrefix =. 1605.03507 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[176]

Planck 2018 results. VI. Cosmological parameters. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833910 , archivePrefix =. 1807.06209 , primaryClass =

2018 doi arXiv
[177]

, keywords =

Opening the 21 cm Epoch of Reionization Window: Measurements of Foreground Isolation with PAPER. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/768/2/L36 , archivePrefix =. 1301.7099 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[178]

, keywords =

What Next-generation 21 cm Power Spectrum Measurements can Teach us About the Epoch of Reionization. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/782/2/66 , archivePrefix =. 1310.7031 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[179]

, keywords =

The Importance of Wide-field Foreground Removal for 21 cm Cosmology: A Demonstration with Early MWA Epoch of Reionization Observations. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/819/1/8 , archivePrefix =. 1601.06177 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[180]

Experimental Astronomy , keywords =

FLAGCAL: a flagging and calibration package for radio interferometric data. Experimental Astronomy , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s10686-011-9279-5 , archivePrefix =. 1111.6415 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[181]

Reports on Progress in Physics , keywords =

21 cm cosmology in the 21st century. Reports on Progress in Physics , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0034-4885/75/8/086901 , archivePrefix =. 1109.6012 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[182]

, keywords =

Multifrequency Analysis of 21 Centimeter Fluctuations from the Era of Reionization. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/429857 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0408515 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[183]

, keywords =

Can the reionization epoch be detected as a global signature in the cosmic background?. , keywords =
[184]

, keywords =

All-sky Interferometry with Spherical Harmonic Transit Telescopes. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/781/2/57 , archivePrefix =. 1302.0327 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[185]

, keywords =

Coaxing cosmic 21 cm fluctuations from the polarized sky using m -mode analysis. , keywords =. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.91.083514 , archivePrefix =. 1401.2095 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[186]

Current Science , year = 1991, month = jan, volume =

The Giant Metre-Wave Radio Telescope. Current Science , year = 1991, month = jan, volume =

1991
[187]

, keywords =

A Study of Fundamental Limitations to Statistical Detection of Redshifted H I from the Epoch of Reionization. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/776/1/6 , archivePrefix =. 1308.0565 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[188]

, keywords =

Confirmation of Wide-field Signatures in Redshifted 21 cm Power Spectra. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/807/2/L28 , archivePrefix =. 1506.06150 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[189]

, keywords =

Detecting Cosmic Reionization Using the Bispectrum Phase. , keywords =. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.251301 , archivePrefix =. 1805.00954 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[190]

Detection of cosmic structures using the bispectrum phase. II. First results from application to cosmic reionization using the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array. , keywords =. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.102.022002 , archivePrefix =. 2005.10275 , primaryClass =

2005 doi arXiv
[191]

, keywords =

The Murchison Widefield Array: The Square Kilometre Array Precursor at Low Radio Frequencies. , keywords =. doi:10.1017/pasa.2012.007 , archivePrefix =. 1206.6945 , primaryClass =

2012 doi arXiv
[192]

, keywords =

The Impact of Point-source Subtraction Residuals on 21 cm Epoch of Reionization Estimation. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/757/1/101 , archivePrefix =. 1208.0646 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[193]

, keywords =

CHIPS: The Cosmological H I Power Spectrum Estimator. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/818/2/139 , archivePrefix =. 1601.02073 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[194]

, keywords =

Deep multiredshift limits on Epoch of Reionization 21 cm power spectra from four seasons of Murchison Widefield Array observations. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa414 , archivePrefix =. 2002.02575 , primaryClass =

2002 doi arXiv
[195]

, keywords =

A new MWA limit on the 21 cm power spectrum at redshifts 13-17. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1560 , archivePrefix =. 2105.12888 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[196]

, keywords =

LOFAR: The LOw-Frequency ARray. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220873 , archivePrefix =. 1305.3550 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[197]

, keywords =

Imaging the Epoch of Reionization: Limitations from Foreground Confusion and Imaging Algorithms. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/745/2/176 , archivePrefix =. 1106.1297 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[198]

Initial deep LOFAR observations of epoch of reionization windows. I. The north celestial pole. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220874 , archivePrefix =. 1301.1630 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[199]

, keywords =

Possibility of Precise Measurement of the Cosmological Power Spectrum with a Dedicated Survey of 21cm Emission after Reionization. , keywords =. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.161301 , archivePrefix =. 0801.1677 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[200]

, keywords =

Estimation of cosmological parameters from neutral hydrogen observations of the post-reionization epoch. , keywords =. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.79.083538 , archivePrefix =. 0809.0363 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[201]

, keywords =

High-redshift post-reionization cosmology with 21cm intensity mapping. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2018/05/004 , archivePrefix =. 1709.07893 , primaryClass =

2018 doi arXiv
[202]

, keywords =

Baryonic acoustic oscillations in 21-cm emission: a probe of dark energy out to high redshifts. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.12631.x , archivePrefix =. 0709.2955 , primaryClass =

2007 doi
[203]

, keywords =

Baryon Acoustic Oscillation Intensity Mapping of Dark Energy. , keywords =. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.091303 , archivePrefix =. 0709.3672 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[204]

, keywords =

Near-term measurements with 21 cm intensity mapping: Neutral hydrogen fraction and BAO at z<2. , keywords =. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.81.103527 , archivePrefix =. 1001.4811 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[205]

, keywords =

A Ground-based 21 cm Baryon Acoustic Oscillation Survey. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/721/1/164 , archivePrefix =. 0910.5007 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[206]

, keywords =

Using HI to Probe Large Scale Structures at z -0.5ex 3. , keywords =. doi:10.1007/BF02933588 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0003200 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[207]

, keywords =

Modelling the post-reionization neutral hydrogen (H I ) bias. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw1111 , archivePrefix =. 1605.02963 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[208]

, keywords =

The HIPASS catalogue: _ HI and environmental effects on the HI mass function of galaxies. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2005.00029.x , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0502257 , primaryClass =

2005 doi
[209]

, keywords =

The ALFALFA H I mass function: a dichotomy in the low-mass slope and a locally suppressed `knee' mass. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty521 , archivePrefix =. 1802.00053 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[210]

, keywords =

The Gas Mass of Star-forming Galaxies at z 1.3. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8205/818/2/L28 , archivePrefix =. 1601.07909 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[211]

, keywords =

Predictions for measuring the cross power spectrum of the HI 21-cm signal and the Lyman- forest using OWFA. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2018/05/051 , archivePrefix =. 1804.00454 , primaryClass =

2018 doi arXiv
[212]

, keywords =

Cross-correlating 21cm intensity maps with Lyman Break Galaxies in the post-reionization era. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2015/03/034 , archivePrefix =. 1410.7393 , primaryClass =

2015 doi arXiv
[213]

, keywords =

CMBR weak lensing and HI 21-cm cross-correlation angular power spectrum. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2010/02/002 , archivePrefix =. 0908.1840 , primaryClass =

2010 doi arXiv
[214]

, keywords =

The CMBR ISW and HI 21 cm cross-correlation angular power spectrum. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2009/08/019 , archivePrefix =. 0810.3649 , primaryClass =

2009 doi arXiv
[215]

, keywords =

Determination of z -0.5ex 0.8 neutral hydrogen fluctuations using the 21cm intensity mapping autocorrelation. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slt074 , archivePrefix =. 1304.3712 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[216]

, keywords =

HI in Abell 3128. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20010547 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0104331 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[217]

Ground-based and Airborne Telescopes V , year = 2014, editor =

Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) pathfinder. Ground-based and Airborne Telescopes V , year = 2014, editor =. doi:10.1117/12.2054950 , archivePrefix =. 1406.2288 , primaryClass =

2014 doi arXiv
[218]

International Journal of Modern Physics Conference Series , year = 2012, series =

The Tianlai Project: a 21CM Cosmology Experiment. International Journal of Modern Physics Conference Series , year = 2012, series =. doi:10.1142/S2010194512006459 , archivePrefix =. 1212.6278 , primaryClass =

2012 doi arXiv
[219]

Ground-based and Airborne Telescopes VI , year = 2016, editor =

HIRAX: a probe of dark energy and radio transients. Ground-based and Airborne Telescopes VI , year = 2016, editor =. doi:10.1117/12.2234286 , archivePrefix =. 1607.02059 , primaryClass =

2016 doi arXiv
[220]

Nature Physical Science , year = 1971, month = apr, volume =

Large Steerable Radio Telescope at Ootacamund, India. Nature Physical Science , year = 1971, month = apr, volume =. doi:10.1038/physci230185a0 , adsurl =

1971 doi
[221]

, keywords =

The Ooty Wide Field Array. , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s12036-017-9430-4 , archivePrefix =. 1703.00621 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[222]

AASKA14 , year = 2015, month = apr, eid =

Measuring baryon acoustic oscillations with future SKA surveys. AASKA14 , year = 2015, month = apr, eid =

2015
[223]

Current Science , year = 2017, month = aug, volume =

The upgraded GMRT: opening new windows on the radio Universe. Current Science , year = 2017, month = aug, volume =

2017
[224]

, keywords =

Post-correlation radio frequency interference classification methods. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16471.x , archivePrefix =. 1002.1957 , primaryClass =

2010 doi
[225]

, keywords =

A morphological algorithm for improving radio-frequency interference detection. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201118497 , archivePrefix =. 1201.3364 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[226]

, keywords =

Demonstrating the Tapered Gridded Estimator (TGE) for the cosmological H I 21-cm power spectrum using 150-MHz GMRT observations. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa3831 , archivePrefix =. 2012.04998 , primaryClass =

2012 doi arXiv
[227]

The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array Dish. II. Characterization of Spectral Structure with Electromagnetic Simulations and Its Science Implications. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/831/2/196 , archivePrefix =. 1602.06277 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[228]

Experimental Astronomy , keywords =

The hydrogen epoch of reionization array dish III: measuring chromaticity of prototype element with reflectometry. Experimental Astronomy , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s10686-017-9563-0 , archivePrefix =. 1701.03209 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[229]

, keywords =

Understanding the HERA Phase I receiver system with simulations and its impact on the detectability of the EoR delay power spectrum. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa3268 , archivePrefix =. 1908.02383 , primaryClass =

1908 doi arXiv
[230]

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation , keywords =

Design of the New Wideband Vivaldi Feed for the HERA Radio-Telescope Phase II. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation , keywords =. doi:10.1109/TAP.2021.3083788 , archivePrefix =. 2009.07939 , primaryClass =

2021 doi
[231]

, keywords =

Foregrounds in Wide-field Redshifted 21 cm Power Spectra. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/804/1/14 , archivePrefix =. 1502.07596 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[232]

, keywords =

Wide-field LOFAR-LBA power-spectra analyses: impact of calibration, polarization leakage, and ionosphere. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1095 , archivePrefix =. 1709.07727 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[233]

, keywords =

Constraining Polarized Foregrounds for EoR Experiments I: 2D Power Spectra from the PAPER-32 Imaging Array. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/823/2/88 , archivePrefix =. 1602.02635 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[234]

, keywords =

First Multi-redshift Limits on Post-Epoch of Reionization 21 cm Signal from z = 1.96-3.58 Using uGMRT. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/abd17a , archivePrefix =. 2012.04674 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[235]

, keywords =

Using Gravitational Lensing to Study H I Clouds at High Redshift. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/321640 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0101228 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[236]

, year = 2010, month = jul, volume =

An intensity map of hydrogen 21-cm emission at redshift z -0.5ex 0.8. , year = 2010, month = jul, volume =. doi:10.1038/nature09187 , adsurl =

2010 doi
[237]

arXiv e-prints , keywords =
[238]

, keywords =

Voigt profile fitting to quasar absorption lines: an analytic approximation to the Voigt-Hjerting function. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10450.x , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0602124 , primaryClass =

2006 doi
[239]

, keywords =

Intensity mapping as a probe of axion dark matter. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa3300 , archivePrefix =. 2003.09655 , primaryClass =

2003 doi arXiv
[240]

, keywords =

Late-time Cosmology with 21 cm Intensity Mapping Experiments. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/803/1/21 , archivePrefix =. 1405.1452 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[241]

, keywords =

Astrophysics and Cosmology with Line-Intensity Mapping. , keywords =
[242]

, keywords =

New empirical constraints on the cosmological evolution of gas and stars in galaxies. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1565 , archivePrefix =. 2002.01489 , primaryClass =

2002 doi arXiv
[243]

, keywords =

Beyond CDM with H I intensity mapping: robustness of cosmological constraints in the presence of astrophysics. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1663 , archivePrefix =. 1910.00022 , primaryClass =

1910 doi arXiv
[244]

, keywords =

Column density distribution and cosmological mass density of neutral gas: Sloan Digital Sky Survey-III Data Release 9. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201220259 , archivePrefix =. 1210.1213 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[245]

The ESO UVES advanced data products quasar sample. II. Cosmological evolution of the neutral gas mass density. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321154 , archivePrefix =. 1307.0602 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[246]

, keywords =

HI as a probe of the large-scale structure in the post-reionization universe. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16933.x , archivePrefix =. 0908.3796 , primaryClass =

2010 doi
[247]

, keywords =

Four Fundamental Foreground Power Spectrum Shapes for 21 cm Cosmology Observations. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/752/2/137 , archivePrefix =. 1202.3830 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[248]

, keywords =

The Effect of Baseline Layouts on the Epoch of Reionization Foreground Wedge: A Semianalytical Approach. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaebfa , archivePrefix =. 1810.10712 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[249]

, keywords =

Prospects for Constraining Interacting Dark Energy Models with 21 cm Intensity Mapping Experiments. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac0ef5 , archivePrefix =. 2102.03979 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[250]

Journal of Physics Conference Series , year = 2019, series =

The BINGO telescope: a new instrument exploring the new 21 cm cosmology window. Journal of Physics Conference Series , year = 2019, series =. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1269/1/012002 , archivePrefix =. 1803.01644 , primaryClass =

2019 doi arXiv
[251]

, keywords =

325-MHz observations of the ELAIS-N1 field using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14317.x , archivePrefix =. 0812.0813 , primaryClass =

2009 doi
[252]

Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems XVI , year = 2007, editor =

CASA Architecture and Applications. Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems XVI , year = 2007, editor =

2007
[253]

, keywords =

Baryonic Features in the Matter Transfer Function. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/305424 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/9709112 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[254]

, keywords =

Power Spectra for Cold Dark Matter and Its Variants. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/306640 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/9710252 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[255]

, keywords =

Theoretical and observational constraints on the H I intensity power spectrum. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu2702 , archivePrefix =. 1407.6366 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[256]

, keywords =

The cosmic microwave background radiation fluctuations from HI perturbations prior to reionization. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07907.x , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0401206 , primaryClass =

2004 doi
[257]

, keywords =

Measurement of 21 cm Brightness Fluctuations at z -0.5ex 0.8 in Cross-correlation. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/763/1/L20 , archivePrefix =. 1208.0331 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[258]

, keywords =

The WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey: survey design and first data release. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15754.x , archivePrefix =. 0911.4246 , primaryClass =

2009 doi
[259]

Instrument sensitivity and foreground subtraction

21 cm observation of large-scale structures at z -0.5ex 1. Instrument sensitivity and foreground subtraction. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201117837 , archivePrefix =. 1108.1474 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[260]

, keywords =

HI fluctuations at large redshifts: III - Simulating the signal expected at GMRT. , keywords =. doi:10.1007/BF02702289 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0402262 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[261]

, year = 1974, month = jun, volume =

Aperture Synthesis with a Non-Regular Distribution of Interferometer Baselines. , year = 1974, month = jun, volume =

1974
[262]

, keywords =

Ingredients for 21 cm Intensity Mapping. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aadba0 , archivePrefix =. 1804.09180 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[263]

, keywords =

The neutral hydrogen cosmological mass density at z = 5. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1182 , archivePrefix =. 1506.02037 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[264]

, keywords =

Statistical recovery of the BAO scale from multipoles of the beam-convolved 21 cm correlation function. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1814 , archivePrefix =. 2103.08568 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[265]

arXiv e-prints , keywords =

First Results from HERA Phase I: Upper Limits on the Epoch of Reionization 21 cm Power Spectrum. arXiv e-prints , keywords =
[266]

, year = 1972, month = jan, volume =

Supernova Remnants. , year = 1972, month = jan, volume =. doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.10.090172.001021 , adsurl =

1972 doi
[267]

, keywords =

Galactic supernova remnants: dependence of radio brightness on galactic height and its implications. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/187.2.201 , adsurl =

doi
[268]

, year = 2005, month = aug, volume =

Statistics of the Galactic Supernova Remnants. , year = 2005, month = aug, volume =. doi:10.1088/1009-9271/5/4/012 , adsurl =

2005 doi
[269]

American Journal of Physics , keywords =

Hyperfine splitting in the ground state of hydrogen. American Journal of Physics , keywords =. doi:10.1119/1.12733 , adsurl =

doi
[270]

Analytical estimation of the bias and variance with time-correlated residual gains

Calibration requirements for Epoch of Reionization 21-cm signal observations - II. Analytical estimation of the bias and variance with time-correlated residual gains. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac499 , archivePrefix =. 2202.09589 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[271]

Effect of time-correlated gains

Calibration requirements for epoch of reionization 21-cm signal observations - I. Effect of time-correlated gains. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1371 , archivePrefix =. 2005.07126 , primaryClass =

2005 doi arXiv
[272]

Principles of Physical Cosmology
[273]

The First Galaxies , year = 2013, editor =

The Epoch of Reionization. The First Galaxies , year = 2013, editor =. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-32362-1_2 , archivePrefix =. 1206.0267 , primaryClass =

2013 doi arXiv
[274]

, archivePrefix = "arXiv", eprint =

21 cm signal from cosmic dawn: imprints of spin temperature fluctuations and peculiar velocities. , archivePrefix = "arXiv", eprint =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu2512 , adsurl =

doi
[275]

Imprints of the light-cone effects

21 cm signal from cosmic dawn - II. Imprints of the light-cone effects. , archivePrefix = "arXiv", eprint =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1855 , adsurl =

doi
[276]

, keywords =

A new parameterization of the reionisation history. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201526543 , archivePrefix =. 1509.02785 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[277]

, keywords =

A Redshift z=6.56 Galaxy behind the Cluster Abell 370. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/340424 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0203091 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[278]

Nuovo Cimento B Serie , year = 2007, month = sep, volume =

The reionization and galaxy evolution probed by z=7 La emitters. Nuovo Cimento B Serie , year = 2007, month = sep, volume =. doi:10.1393/ncb/i2008-10445-6 , adsurl =

2007 doi
[279]

, keywords =

Lyman emitters gone missing: evidence for late reionization?. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1250 , archivePrefix =. 1412.4790 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[280]

, keywords =

New Constraints on Cosmic Reionization from the 2012 Hubble Ultra Deep Field Campaign. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/768/1/71 , archivePrefix =. 1301.1228 , primaryClass =

2012 doi arXiv
[281]

, keywords =

Cosmic Reionization and Early Star-forming Galaxies: A Joint Analysis of New Constraints from Planck and the Hubble Space Telescope. , keywords =. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/802/2/L19 , archivePrefix =. 1502.02024 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[282]

, keywords =

Cosmic reionization after Planck II: contribution from quasars. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2443 , archivePrefix =. 1606.02719 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[283]

, keywords =

First study of reionization in the Planck 2015 normalized closed CDM inflation model. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1835 , archivePrefix =. 1712.00018 , primaryClass =

2015 doi arXiv
[284]

arXiv e-prints , keywords =

Current status and future of cosmology with 21cm Intensity Mapping. arXiv e-prints , keywords =
[285]

Cosmological Inflation and Large-Scale Structure
[286]

arXiv e-prints , keywords =

An Introduction into the Theory of Cosmological Structure Formation. arXiv e-prints , keywords =
[287]

, keywords =

Observables and unobservables in dark energy cosmologies. , keywords =. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.87.023501 , archivePrefix =. 1210.0439 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[288]

Astroparticle Physics , keywords =

Neutrino physics from the cosmic microwave background and large scale structure. Astroparticle Physics , keywords =. doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2014.05.014 , archivePrefix =. 1309.5383 , primaryClass =

2014 doi arXiv
[289]

, keywords =

Probing Dark Energy Using Baryonic Oscillations in the Galaxy Power Spectrum as a Cosmological Ruler. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/376983 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0301632 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[290]

, keywords =

Completed SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Cosmological implications from two decades of spectroscopic surveys at the Apache Point Observatory. , keywords =. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.103.083533 , archivePrefix =. 2007.08991 , primaryClass =

2007 doi arXiv
[291]

, keywords =

Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and weak lensing. , keywords =. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.105.023520 , archivePrefix =. 2105.13549 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[292]

The First Galaxies in the Universe
[293]

, keywords =

Atomic Gas Dominates the Baryonic Mass of Star-forming Galaxies at z ≍ 1.3. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac8150 , archivePrefix =. 2207.08834 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[294]

, keywords =

SARAS 2 Constraints on Global 21 cm Signals from the Epoch of Reionization. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aabae1 , archivePrefix =. 1711.11281 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[295]

, keywords =

Toward Empirical Constraints on the Global Redshifted 21 cm Brightness Temperature During the Epoch of Reionization. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/528675 , archivePrefix =. 0710.2541 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[296]

Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation , keywords =

Probing Radio Intensity at High-Z from Marion: 2017 Instrument. Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation , keywords =. doi:10.1142/S2251171719500041 , archivePrefix =. 1806.09531 , primaryClass =

2017 doi arXiv
[297]

, keywords =

Design and characterization of the Large-aperture Experiment to Detect the Dark Age (LEDA) radiometer systems. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1244 , archivePrefix =. 1709.09313 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[298]

, keywords =

An absorption profile centred at 78 megahertz in the sky-averaged spectrum. , keywords =. doi:10.1038/nature25792 , archivePrefix =. 1810.05912 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv
[299]

, keywords =

The impact of non-Gaussianity on the Epoch of Reionization parameter forecast using 21-cm power-spectrum measurements. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2090 , archivePrefix =. 2005.06535 , primaryClass =

2005 doi arXiv
[300]

Power spectrum error-covariance

Statistics of the epoch of reionization 21-cm signal - I. Power spectrum error-covariance. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv2772 , archivePrefix =. 1508.00896 , primaryClass =

doi arXiv

Pith tools

Reviewed July 10, 2026 · model on record in the stance chip above.

[1] [1]

Intema, H.; Mooley, K. , url=

work page

[2] [2]

Low-frequency radio study of MACS clusters at 610 and 235 MHz using the GMRT

Low-frequency radio study of MACS clusters at 610 and 235 MHz using the GMRT. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1965 , archivePrefix =. 1903.06799 , primaryClass =

work page Pith review arXiv doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1965 1903

[3] [3]

MNRAS , author =

Strong-lensing analysis of a complete sample of 12 MACS clusters at z > 0.5: mass models and Einstein radii. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17574.x , archivePrefix =. 1002.0521 , primaryClass =

work page doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17574.x 2010

[4] [4]

MNRAS , author =

The X-ray brightest clusters of galaxies from the Massive Cluster Survey. , keywords =. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16920.x , archivePrefix =. 1004.4683 , primaryClass =

work page doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16920.x 2010

[5] [5]

Extragalactic Radio Sources , year = 1996, editor =

Diffuse Cluster Radio Sources (Review). Extragalactic Radio Sources , year = 1996, editor =

work page 1996

[6] [6]

Observations of extended radio emission in clusters

Observations of Extended Radio Emission in Clusters. , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s11214-008-9311-x , archivePrefix =. 0801.0985 , primaryClass =

work page Pith review arXiv doi:10.1007/s11214-008-9311-x

[7] [7]

Clusters of galaxies : observational properties of the diffuse radio emission

Clusters of galaxies: observational properties of the diffuse radio emission. , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s00159-012-0054-z , archivePrefix =. 1205.1919 , primaryClass =

work page Pith review arXiv doi:10.1007/s00159-012-0054-z 1919

[8] [8]

and Prestwich, A

Particle reacceleration in the Coma cluster: radio properties and hard X-ray emission. , keywords =. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.03978.x , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0008518 , primaryClass =

work page doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.03978.x 2001