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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine

As of 14 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 71 of 71 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2412.16423.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2412.16423 v1

Coverage vector

measured 71 of 71 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.256643Z

measured 71 of 71 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

71 of 71 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact0
  • verified fuzzy23
  • unresolved48
  • parse uncertain0
  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation d1eeb4de-c2f3-4f37-86c2-c27f937f0898 · outbound

This paper cites Gomez, Lukasz Kaiser, and Illia Polosukhin.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Gomez, Lukasz Kaiser, and Illia Polosukhin

Reference 1

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:12.967140Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:12.967140Z digest=sha256:cf026a7c2e4aecd9568a6e196e158951ef37e5bac4b5c18856bc8d5b0ec5ffbd

Observation 81db22d7-d1ea-4232-b0fe-54a1b127ee97 · outbound

This paper cites Improving language understanding by generative pre-training, 2018.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Improving language understanding by generative pre-training, 2018

Reference 2

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:14.251515Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:12.971702Z digest=sha256:bcb46e9df42946510a1b6f919daa80855f97e88659429bdd331884d09fb62d71

Observation 4bcc0013-8f80-4ac4-aaa0-7ff8eadd77a8 · outbound

This paper cites Language models are unsupervised multitask learners, 2019.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Language models are unsupervised multitask learners, 2019

Reference 3

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:14.239831Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:12.976067Z digest=sha256:868f9a6856e927621b96f0032a76d8d136ca8d43686171bc9b8a83ed70af2e15

Observation 0e8122a4-ab52-463d-96fc-78034520fb8d · outbound

This paper cites Language Models are Few-Shot Learners.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Language Models are Few-Shot Learners

Reference 4

Resolution
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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:12.981104Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:12.981104Z digest=sha256:60d47bc737b647fa32c18878a379e4573dc9f37e40631c760ecfa6826b9a839d

Observation 1d063789-c323-4e4f-a2d5-93faaa4f723e · outbound

This paper cites GPT-4 Technical Report.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine GPT-4 Technical Report

Reference 5

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:12.988413Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:12.988413Z digest=sha256:2413f5ac8c0f9d5876f690c340a169178a92ba68c5da50fa56f14fd460b12992

Observation 0b353ace-93d3-4bc9-87ac-420e32bd3c62 · outbound

This paper cites Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models

Reference 6

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:12.993326Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:12.993326Z digest=sha256:c881c8685ec62782eb5aef57c1e62f7e23f8a90f962fa5f85cef04a5ca65943d

Observation c72f57bd-4418-432c-86a4-20c1a8226200 · outbound

This paper cites Unified Scaling Laws for Routed Language Models.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Unified Scaling Laws for Routed Language Models

Reference 7

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:12.997578Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:12.997578Z digest=sha256:f5f1fc99859bf3b429986e26279699a60ddf0d1c1fc910950f8a50ea28fde6db

Observation 17c08c8e-5951-4a30-be33-4375da47a5c5 · outbound

This paper cites LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models

Reference 8

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.003423Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.003423Z digest=sha256:bb33c436daf65b15e94b403eefca86ff23a43cb6cbe2c67faad89f58b9a6edce

Observation 4a89cac9-5775-4fd0-b8a8-2f5552578621 · outbound

This paper cites Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models

Reference 9

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.008110Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.008110Z digest=sha256:d434ff8b99e563a432cb874557b4eb776e7f18026fabee8bb9ff9bb2e6a684e4

Observation 7b7d298f-4615-48db-ae55-032c7754644a · outbound

This paper cites The Llama 3 Herd of Models.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 10

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.012330Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.012330Z digest=sha256:d0f31373a0d42013fe8fce0905c57328fd456f6174c936df31acd8ead6569735

Observation bc9de67c-0ff6-4f4e-8259-70c297eb1bb7 · outbound

This paper cites PaLM: Scaling Language Modeling with Pathways.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine PaLM: Scaling Language Modeling with Pathways

Reference 11

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.016621Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.016621Z digest=sha256:54d7fe269ad81ad9d1a2a0ecadcd5fb1143e2a1e7688b130ca394d15319ac155

Observation 4f2b2d5a-71c4-4c1d-b431-2a4303985a9c · outbound

This paper cites PaLM 2 Technical Report.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine PaLM 2 Technical Report

Reference 12

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.021669Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.021669Z digest=sha256:6f1a99d8aec39dfe77affd5fe40ecad019eba1b3f4aa22f0e9d532eac874fb30

Observation 78f1e7b1-f1bc-4b1d-a572-d78a803bb3f4 · outbound

This paper cites The Falcon Series of Open Language Models.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine The Falcon Series of Open Language Models

Reference 13

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.030085Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.030085Z digest=sha256:a7a18beb8f25fb013332495ee773537c83c53ef06081e20ca652c0cd965e627f

Observation a8dc0f50-cd08-4fa3-9869-b4b0edd4f566 · outbound

This paper cites Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technology.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technology

Reference 14

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.034153Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.034153Z digest=sha256:dfabbfbca3e1a8ea244c40dc81b9e317ad2a0205d81f95214f9703ceb52bcbd1

Observation 94247994-af51-4578-8f19-cd4c4d7b4825 · outbound

This paper cites Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Gemma 2: Improving Open Language Models at a Practical Size

Reference 15

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.038403Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.038403Z digest=sha256:5d34166062288633aef0fa21531c66ac36dbc8fc843562e9b67bf38a386f5526

Observation 0a9b2815-cb2e-4997-a078-71449732d887 · outbound

This paper cites Qwen Technical Report.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Qwen Technical Report

Reference 16

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.043966Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.043966Z digest=sha256:70632a6ae3ad9ff0716206198d7da7c6982a39cd490a93ce1803da3d38c98a4d

Observation 0b4605ce-e2f9-4a44-b369-fb1b3ce0c8d8 · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2 Technical Report.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Qwen2 Technical Report

Reference 17

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.048780Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.048780Z digest=sha256:5c7e5e04c24cb3aeaa2d6382e383926be32eacb6fe6ea3597b8703444c9b834d

Observation 7d2ed9a7-c46a-42fb-af2f-08c9b09e4faa · outbound

This paper cites The claude 3 model family: Opus, sonnet, haiku anthropic.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine The claude 3 model family: Opus, sonnet, haiku anthropic

Reference 18

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:14.228855Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.054787Z digest=sha256:9cdaddd5d7b18244aba890a96d40c4a331b41676821e6f6072bcc5bd767ec556

Observation cbf40da3-4e27-4863-aba0-aa07d0a9a394 · outbound

This paper cites c4ai-command-r-plus (revision 432fac1), 2024.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine c4ai-command-r-plus (revision 432fac1), 2024

Reference 19

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:14.218457Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.058857Z digest=sha256:ee4e25e532a20885ccacad871bafbc2da6c4131782ffeaaaf196489e9b6645ca

Observation 3bb3252c-7739-4755-8e41-32409a42b651 · outbound

This paper cites MedAlpaca -- An Open-Source Collection of Medical Conversational AI Models and Training Data.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine MedAlpaca -- An Open-Source Collection of Medical Conversational AI Models and Training Data

Reference 20

Resolution
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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.062797Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.062797Z digest=sha256:83bf6bbc2f40ecb3cfb67baff26e0deda089a7d37478d3950a5f53ba2b951c58

Observation c174b541-ef20-4dd8-94be-d29cef10a521 · outbound

This paper cites MEDITRON-70B: Scaling Medical Pretraining for Large Language Models.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine MEDITRON-70B: Scaling Medical Pretraining for Large Language Models

Reference 21

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.066976Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.066976Z digest=sha256:9c458a12ba2da742301bca90e38a699e7013ea2616c2b58f016fd8ce185b4cd3

Observation 41595a1a-adec-4342-8b9a-f523030e6bd4 · outbound

This paper cites Adapting large language models via reading comprehension.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Adapting large language models via reading comprehension

Reference 22

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:14.208020Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.071135Z digest=sha256:21a0c1a46f18a7ada414909876de6d84de3a85794c42191855d84d62031130da

Observation 35d18cd9-cbc0-4658-a6b4-3242d772fbcb · outbound

This paper cites Me LLaMA: Foundation Large Language Models for Medical Applications.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Me LLaMA: Foundation Large Language Models for Medical Applications

Reference 23

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.074576Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.074576Z digest=sha256:dcfb7dbac959c9736e8b71c57cc2ea0a231eb96a53e6c9009c50a86dd907a140

Observation 5d8d85bb-7e4f-41ad-8784-dee45759fc1a · outbound

This paper cites Capabilities of Gemini Models in Medicine.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Capabilities of Gemini Models in Medicine

Reference 24

Resolution
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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.078230Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.078230Z digest=sha256:b3f2790b33fd446c8d8b5753053a788ff14c9f5f1adf378a8e9e0bc60228135d

Observation b329100d-55eb-4fd0-ad09-cc32b2e20ce2 · outbound

This paper cites https://tech.preferred.jp/ja/blog/llama3-preferred-medswallow-70b/.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine https://tech.preferred.jp/ja/blog/llama3-preferred-medswallow-70b/

Reference 25

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:14.196777Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.081853Z digest=sha256:e47b845b447661497d866853c514c51669819f60480430e628087b503b6752cb

Observation 7d10fd7e-389a-4812-9b4b-f991d6a603da · outbound

This paper cites Textbooks Are All You Need.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Textbooks Are All You Need

Reference 26

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.085436Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.085436Z digest=sha256:b776ab8c7c3a1cd1d4d2b0b2a12eb4f5da038edb699fe92dcb617b66b1bdd178

Observation 96e01cf9-8ee2-4733-9a31-386abbb9c11b · outbound

This paper cites Textbooks Are All You Need II: phi-1.5 technical report.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Textbooks Are All You Need II: phi-1.5 technical report

Reference 27

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.088973Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.088973Z digest=sha256:fe15cd12e54697ce19f617ef7afb980c342c974fb0a71e6fb1e70022e017f7f9

Observation 15bdc825-a308-4a28-a63f-48c584e9e5f6 · outbound

This paper cites Phi-3 Technical Report: A Highly Capable Language Model Locally on Your Phone.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Phi-3 Technical Report: A Highly Capable Language Model Locally on Your Phone

Reference 28

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.092651Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.092651Z digest=sha256:8ed21cbd068afde73536c2cfa754b664b3c4b08447ae3aed42d11fae595b6b60

Observation 34a31617-50cd-4a69-832e-85b7dcd749e3 · outbound

This paper cites Wiki-40b: Multilingual language model dataset, 2020.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Wiki-40b: Multilingual language model dataset, 2020

Reference 29

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:14.185305Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.096137Z digest=sha256:c1401e9f625e730b8046dc40db11ee9573f2aaa863a8bdae7d397090236ab53d

Observation 9d54e3cf-5532-49ae-9f3c-3cdb68704da8 · outbound

This paper cites A monolingual approach to contextualized word embeddings for mid-resource languages.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine A monolingual approach to contextualized word embeddings for mid-resource languages

Reference 30

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:14.173380Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.099505Z digest=sha256:7b7390280dac56e6c04cc33b41ca4b4809b761913632dfb24aebfb345f8dbf5f

Observation 94e23ef3-d8a1-4236-baac-391deb451489 · outbound

This paper cites Random forests, 2001.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Random forests, 2001

Reference 31

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:14.161497Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.103342Z digest=sha256:15608f005d71d295cbce31caec5deb0074e4c70adf59d9e2109bad3ebd2f92ed

Observation d14e8a9b-ecce-4cc5-95b7-f1cc57461e9d · outbound

This paper cites Elyza-japanese-llama-2-7b, 2023.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Elyza-japanese-llama-2-7b, 2023

Reference 32

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:14.150060Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.106664Z digest=sha256:a16d7e725b1b80613e445a10dcf50c075b84ee290060f0ca43a91107603ceb2c

Observation 114067cc-729a-4815-a09a-6f67ef5490d3 · outbound

This paper cites elyza/llama-3-elyza-jp-8b, 2024.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine elyza/llama-3-elyza-jp-8b, 2024

Reference 33

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:14.138730Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.110711Z digest=sha256:273c8c21e96eeb1d8a06e8737258f75f07bec65ee2bbdf4a770e0c0806126706

Observation 7ed5e0bf-a439-44da-a54c-3b1a42a8e2e6 · outbound

This paper cites Japanese stablelm instruct alpha 7b v2.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Japanese stablelm instruct alpha 7b v2

Reference 34

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:14.128165Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.114190Z digest=sha256:f991abf564bdd0c231052b49583e2f94f59749775a890e701620664ceb538bc9

Observation d6e486f1-7cbd-4503-b5fd-9e6be76efc00 · outbound

This paper cites Tokenizerの違いによる日本語 bertモデルの性能評価.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Tokenizerの違いによる日本語 bertモデルの性能評価

Reference 35

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:14.117099Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.117703Z digest=sha256:54715b4ad47bd65c2378195f65065a49947f0987af62c55c5ce7fda59a8946cc

Observation da4f1951-5397-4c16-9183-5bb8b0e2420f · outbound

This paper cites 日本語 gptを用いたトークナイザの影響の調査.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine 日本語 gptを用いたトークナイザの影響の調査

Reference 36

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:14.106199Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.120966Z digest=sha256:3137cf1fe1dee50d2e2a6c24eea3abc27d49f849965f8e3d3d2488e0a12795c7

Observation 1ef62143-dc18-406d-a36e-6ea40132b4ef · outbound

This paper cites 日本語tokenizerの違いは下流タスク性能に影響を与えるか? 言語処理学会第 29 回年 次大会, 2023.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine 日本語tokenizerの違いは下流タスク性能に影響を与えるか? 言語処理学会第 29 回年 次大会, 2023

Reference 37

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:14.095590Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.124228Z digest=sha256:3049455027f67e49b04b5e38987f7c4379f9d31ddd067c7e8c3e27682e83ce3f

Observation f2a479f4-d5f6-4aba-82c4-81463f864977 · outbound

This paper cites Mecab: Yet another part-of-speech and morphological analyzer, 2006.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Mecab: Yet another part-of-speech and morphological analyzer, 2006

Reference 38

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:14.080955Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.127418Z digest=sha256:4a100b8cdd1ed35cda3f67890aa5295d6cb118181bd981f3f0f980dc518fdc0f

Observation 71dc6ac9-f980-42d1-b00c-ce37c10da179 · outbound

This paper cites J-medic: A japanese disease name dictionary based on real clinical usage.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine J-medic: A japanese disease name dictionary based on real clinical usage

Reference 39

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:14.068260Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.130742Z digest=sha256:0569c0e8c077b9601fc6e3988f0974b76b86c8624ac7258383f5f3d3c2010f6b

Observation b04fd036-90bc-4816-8812-ad47f96d47ae · outbound

This paper cites Subword Regularization: Improving Neural Network Translation Models with Multiple Subword Candidates.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Subword Regularization: Improving Neural Network Translation Models with Multiple Subword Candidates

Reference 40

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.134050Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.134050Z digest=sha256:b5af82d1737464b8876397415efa7e7f94958798fd01210314154a959b49b7d5

Observation 38a01a1e-e6e2-4eaf-86ce-4ec5a6211e39 · outbound

This paper cites RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embedding.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embedding

Reference 41

Resolution
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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.137797Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.137797Z digest=sha256:4f3f0a16db662d66a972b60203b6752b1152587f30f365548da119d287094fc8

Observation d870d6bf-f7ab-4c69-a36c-ad634cc81328 · outbound

This paper cites On Layer Normalization in the Transformer Architecture.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine On Layer Normalization in the Transformer Architecture

Reference 42

Resolution
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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.141183Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.141183Z digest=sha256:3131960e096031fbc781e8ec4c8ca5b6c0cbd71de43341b172ea9bd9478a47fc

Observation 0caf0547-241e-4453-a35e-2df0af2e1f27 · outbound

This paper cites A Study of BFLOAT16 for Deep Learning Training.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine A Study of BFLOAT16 for Deep Learning Training

Reference 43

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.145659Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.145659Z digest=sha256:15c4b10934fe8fbabf8a79a00191cd96c54e4235d0d43fd6aaa0e924aaa8cbd0

Observation c1fdf9e4-b470-49d0-bf9d-0cc942d2f3b1 · outbound

This paper cites Gaussian Error Linear Units (GELUs).

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Gaussian Error Linear Units (GELUs)

Reference 44

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.150689Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.150689Z digest=sha256:e6e70618a9c10cf9ab64df69b6e5b5ec9f86cc0667b5fc02112dda2db41414f3

Observation 311170ea-5d94-4f0e-a6ee-6a378613da1b · outbound

This paper cites Sigmoid-Weighted Linear Units for Neural Network Function Approximation in Reinforcement Learning.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Sigmoid-Weighted Linear Units for Neural Network Function Approximation in Reinforcement Learning

Reference 45

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.155677Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.155677Z digest=sha256:f158a418e14416eeb3a2279982fd68001dd62cb430edd5f3739172248c3ce8dd

Observation eea3255e-b91c-4756-9d75-e3b36df570eb · outbound

This paper cites Rectified linear units improve restricted boltzmann machines.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Rectified linear units improve restricted boltzmann machines

Reference 46

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.159591Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.159591Z digest=sha256:cd837c560543e80b3f515184a29492ee6858718161c38348f01ef158c82fed5c

Observation c7efce8a-392d-4dc1-b318-235e93a12787 · outbound

This paper cites Layer Normalization.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Layer Normalization

Reference 47

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.163709Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.163709Z digest=sha256:0cfce03ccb1c9d493ab5e398342e211b49e4b1b2aa66c4b9f14ba0cbd74cb594

Observation bfa6a62a-8e99-4fd6-9c4e-7ea26d8f34de · outbound

This paper cites Root Mean Square Layer Normalization.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Root Mean Square Layer Normalization

Reference 48

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.167209Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.167209Z digest=sha256:4a203f1ad264594ffe6d7beae76715ad6a80f57299ce5b360f69909f42b3a72d

Observation 51a9d31f-f6a3-487e-864d-5abe630d88f5 · outbound

This paper cites GQA: Training Generalized Multi-Query Transformer Models from Multi-Head Checkpoints.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine GQA: Training Generalized Multi-Query Transformer Models from Multi-Head Checkpoints

Reference 49

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.170947Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.170947Z digest=sha256:c9c56ff0f7a452b83d89928a194a9877d7f8a888422773d9695366eecb0ac7c5

Observation 4a26e3c6-3473-4a8d-9a9b-2e7dc797a5d1 · outbound

This paper cites Fast Transformer Decoding: One Write-Head is All You Need.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Fast Transformer Decoding: One Write-Head is All You Need

Reference 50

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.174118Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.174118Z digest=sha256:910d0b832e7ac746cbae370f04f7875e47411aa0a7566bd98a510bdd18987fa2

Observation 6614e3d3-6635-4f6c-b57a-432754d6d3a9 · outbound

This paper cites Megatron-LM: Training Multi-Billion Parameter Language Models Using Model Parallelism.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Megatron-LM: Training Multi-Billion Parameter Language Models Using Model Parallelism

Reference 51

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.177474Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.177474Z digest=sha256:b5b2c0cee866b0529cb66c292decd55a51fffa2d6c26c42274d53681d4f92395

Observation e2c958ff-23a6-4503-94e2-22a7247e9011 · outbound

This paper cites Transformers without Tears: Improving the Normalization of Self-Attention.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Transformers without Tears: Improving the Normalization of Self-Attention

Reference 52

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.181022Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.181022Z digest=sha256:d144d36856a9b830f523be6d60404547c056b628b5ad08e732b02ad6130fff52

Observation ddb73ce6-27b2-4e9e-a0ec-878948fd8ead · outbound

This paper cites Spike No More: Stabilizing the Pre-training of Large Language Models.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Spike No More: Stabilizing the Pre-training of Large Language Models

Reference 53

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.184328Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.184328Z digest=sha256:eb0e4cd191523d058a1e81d57abbdc2a642f47d1dec7ee28990cfc3a527f190e

Observation 36971bae-8b5b-4cf6-910b-f816dd3656ce · outbound

This paper cites Understanding the difficulty of training deep feedforward neural networks.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Understanding the difficulty of training deep feedforward neural networks

Reference 54

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.187575Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.187575Z digest=sha256:62f12fbcdaba09e4f60d416d5b7ba1bfc9a9d4010b9ffe20fe013da712c68604

Observation 5c384ed7-9ff4-4940-8329-6d898e982cf2 · outbound

This paper cites Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Models.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Models

Reference 55

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.190608Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.190608Z digest=sha256:3f1bc8f849985b3560987f2e64f00a6b8669bc153d5f78b8968bf90900a397bc

Observation a83da540-a1cf-475f-8226-c76a0d8027e3 · outbound

This paper cites To repeat or not to repeat: Insights from scaling llm under token-crisis.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine To repeat or not to repeat: Insights from scaling llm under token-crisis

Reference 56

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:14.039066Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.193791Z digest=sha256:d72da4f604bd4c4d156cc716106557795f56ce28e6c70779854d439a8d8f7fd0

Observation 4ee7718f-f647-4621-b589-afdbce40607a · outbound

This paper cites FlashAttention: Fast and Memory-Efficient Exact Attention with IO-Awareness.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine FlashAttention: Fast and Memory-Efficient Exact Attention with IO-Awareness

Reference 57

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.197528Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.197528Z digest=sha256:f65033389fc9d6d376efb75f2ab9ec3e01d496630bb3c11f8e452afdf55a085f

Observation e7d91509-4508-403c-bbcd-922ca04efdaf · outbound

This paper cites Deepspeed: System optimizations enable training deep learning models with over 100 billion parameters.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Deepspeed: System optimizations enable training deep learning models with over 100 billion parameters

Reference 58

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:14.025311Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.200798Z digest=sha256:db6ff364b76057a1ccc9009902a36811ab52dbfa1bf31e05dddc40e2fcb06432

Observation 477182ab-a284-43c1-a5c6-2f301c004475 · outbound

This paper cites Zero: Memory optimizations toward training trillion parameter models.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Zero: Memory optimizations toward training trillion parameter models

Reference 59

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.204212Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.204212Z digest=sha256:27826aaf47265716359a4069b804bee63141abcb21680955ad661e5b8ed58c64

Observation a43dddb2-933b-486e-9d75-1c8d10d556ef · outbound

This paper cites Improving neural networks by preventing co-adaptation of feature detectors.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Improving neural networks by preventing co-adaptation of feature detectors

Reference 60

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.207736Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.207736Z digest=sha256:b5c71c329a628fbe15afbef228045da83131110be3cd40500b7147d56292f6eb

Observation 705a9c5d-4b9c-45a7-9b33-d14d3e47c041 · outbound

This paper cites Decoupled Weight Decay Regularization.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Decoupled Weight Decay Regularization

Reference 61

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.211250Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.211250Z digest=sha256:491a480c7f5d05cff2b3453498d0fc9dd67caa59a722d3c97ff70dc51e5f07ea

Observation 43bde543-35c3-4297-bf4b-a1b818a52fa8 · outbound

This paper cites Finetuned language models are zero-shot learners closed-book qa.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Finetuned language models are zero-shot learners closed-book qa

Reference 62

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:14.000112Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.214889Z digest=sha256:c6f0c4d605cc6fa3cf86a402a0484f18ba3d72268ef606fedf22e18983378fb5

Observation 5fa8c98b-852d-4078-a128-9b04b94821e8 · outbound

This paper cites Jmed-llm: Japanese medical evaluation dataset for large language models.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Jmed-llm: Japanese medical evaluation dataset for large language models

Reference 63

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.987590Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.218270Z digest=sha256:b24bcf7791fec1d56aa998e2f107c67ca55dc2a37dd490bc1fdcdfd10364d74d

Observation 09c55050-6339-41d1-90a7-c01c1bb53df2 · outbound

This paper cites NEFTune: Noisy Embeddings Improve Instruction Finetuning.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine NEFTune: Noisy Embeddings Improve Instruction Finetuning

Reference 64

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.222272Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.222272Z digest=sha256:88ceac47e8cc7b7218bbf933f1c35e0b2bd60f1bbdadb3ad7987a7e4dd82e8db

Observation 11dc413d-02cc-4f53-8575-97b11226bca3 · outbound

This paper cites Evaluating GPT-4 and ChatGPT on Japanese Medical Licensing Examinations.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Evaluating GPT-4 and ChatGPT on Japanese Medical Licensing Examinations

Reference 65

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.226775Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.226775Z digest=sha256:f47cd5c109dd5280b3b932ec4721b46a7aced401798bf23007067b330a78f863

Observation 30230f99-cb9c-460c-9483-7cb091d77973 · outbound

This paper cites A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales

Reference 66

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.975489Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.230884Z digest=sha256:d228e3fa76f1cb4d98c73b3e5678194f7f60ec6aa4f950526d6c5d28c40be209

Observation 6ec42609-61eb-4fd4-aa2b-0768e5b43ec3 · outbound

This paper cites https://speakerdeck.com/fta98/ri-ben-yu-yi-liao-llmping- jia-bentimakunogou-zhu-toxing-neng-fen-xi.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine https://speakerdeck.com/fta98/ri-ben-yu-yi-liao-llmping- jia-bentimakunogou-zhu-toxing-neng-fen-xi

Reference 67

Resolution
verified fuzzy
raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.963082Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-14T06:32:32.682623+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.235969Z digest=sha256:8263c4fd8afa0cf894b4697e0570813b34351a8d351b98c72f3737871c3fd3c9

Observation 0f4c283a-7548-43ac-9254-64b4610e6197 · outbound

This paper cites The Curse of Recursion: Training on Generated Data Makes Models Forget.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine The Curse of Recursion: Training on Generated Data Makes Models Forget

Reference 68

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.243133Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.243133Z digest=sha256:5969f1b788ef9a26584690f548eb700310e5b1659b47f3da4471ec0ea469d33b

Observation fa54500e-8c51-4e05-9268-799d3ab17e3d · outbound

This paper cites Visualizing data using t-sne.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Visualizing data using t-sne

Reference 69

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.248412Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.248412Z digest=sha256:5d19bdf898575ab489388b3d26de3403250ab1870ce2ac6f3cf4f535d91812cb

Observation 0c2a9cf6-d1fa-46cb-b96f-0befd4f8109c · outbound

This paper cites UMAP: Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection for Dimension Reduction.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine UMAP: Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection for Dimension Reduction

Reference 70

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.252776Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.252776Z digest=sha256:9accd1916dc883c0ca522ec41f9fe8ed4bcdf7aa6a4e9419d56073c275ed6942

Observation 4af789d2-8ded-4c0a-a012-901cd8565cc1 · outbound

This paper cites Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space.

Technical Report: Small Language Model for Japanese Clinical and Medicine Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space

Reference 71

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T10:39:13.256643Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T10:39:13.256643Z digest=sha256:06d68d5266d49b58b29ecfc1adb91fc9f42a6a26d9fe6c8f7fd69f2947bd2397

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.