Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T11:01:20.775942Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 8 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 65 of 65 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2509.03407.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-05T11:01:20.775942Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
65 of 65 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 369b2bc1-0d80-4a3a-97ad-37580e6c3fbd · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Jiang, F.F
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 3c0caf28-f680-4520-872a-bc7a9b3bf304 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Language Models as Knowledge Bases?
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 3f3b7abb-4f89-4bdd-9016-6773aeda747d · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Vaswani, N
Reference 4
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 37b64c2d-e083-4111-83ea-fba4661a5b93 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Gross, Y
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation efea2470-27a0-4874-8a5d-715fe1b0bba4 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Lu, Full-text federated search in peer-to-peer networks, 2007
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 2d91ef00-4631-4963-b6b4-2be282477bd8 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Chang, X
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation abb38b1c-7949-4d7b-94ac-cfc58ebfb653 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Between words and characters: A Brief History of Open-Vocabulary Modeling and Tokenization in NLP
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 511fed35-b51e-4dc3-a5d2-04d253d9f0f5 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Unresolved cited work
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 36ecef3a-31c2-4366-bad0-cbd67d428486 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Unresolved cited work
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation b18a4e04-00ee-49d4-ac99-3a4e366ab7a9 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Mesnil, Y
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation f7c19671-fb29-4c3e-836f-93612b89b328 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Yosinski, J
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 0d108b21-501d-4bd9-aab2-54bac5bc3069 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Lozano-Diez, O
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 277a9e2a-8438-4b98-98f7-960f9f8f00ce · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Unresolved cited work
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation f1375fff-70cf-4580-9526-bd6c83531a65 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning LeCun, K
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 573cd345-cf2e-466b-910f-43a0d6d5cc27 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Britz, Understanding convolutional neural networks for NLP, Denny’s Blog, (2015)
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 6fabdab6-57d1-4bee-b322-4008fc0d6c37 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Escaping the Big Data Paradigm with Compact Transformers
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 1ed22dd2-4185-4685-9fd0-c9d8a683b686 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Unified CNNs and transformers underlying learning mechanism reveals multi-head attention modus vivendi
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 3841cc74-b2b7-4b5c-878b-01cd924c4258 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 15c01bdf-e0a9-440b-a0c5-a8f1d4c37ffb · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Low-latency vision transformers via large-scale multi-head attention
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 03ae86fe-23f8-4480-97f4-cee96930a274 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Jawahar, B
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 382a984d-f56c-418c-b26b-baa5b667b289 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning What Does BERT Look At? An Analysis of BERT's Attention
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 912697f5-0a22-46a5-9e87-fe461e15f8ad · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Rogers, O
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 62af66e6-b51c-46d9-8a30-8c6fd80b9791 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Devlin, M.-W
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 70b8e495-7f6c-4b91-9cd3-8d9f2c248f82 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Hoshen, R
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation d5b3536b-e0c7-4857-bf2f-06a3f49b6e3c · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Havlin, R
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation a770c096-19e6-4e4f-ad90-99a89a0b4bc6 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Unresolved cited work
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation f9da1e96-a30d-4112-9b6d-083a0f43ff63 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Unresolved cited work
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 333fe989-c5d2-4aea-9789-89d3b212612c · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning How Contextual are Contextualized Word Representations? Comparing the Geometry of BERT, ELMo, and GPT-2 Embeddings
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation be0ba031-8915-4bc2-86bc-b4538dfb9263 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space
Reference 30
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Observation 6a4816fd-5420-4eb0-979a-362a7f3ccebd · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Radovanovic, A
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 2276999c-2920-411c-9467-7afc4400f44b · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning All-but-the-Top: Simple and Effective Postprocessing for Word Representations
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation d01e408a-5275-4a4a-93ab-a95cc3ba023c · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Word Translation Without Parallel Data
Reference 33
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Observation 21183661-eaf4-4357-a91a-44ec5b6c5cdc · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Dhillon, D.S
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 79b0c558-c92c-4426-8ea4-2c11bc43c403 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Banerjee, I.S
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation a6f9bbaa-9ee5-4a7b-b4b4-766c361ef0e2 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning McInnes, J
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 579bb205-9f6e-46c9-b327-b768610a0455 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Pratap, A
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation eb0cd428-4523-4682-9d74-64d5b43c57b2 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Faraki, X
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation ab9eb131-308c-477b-a8d1-b81cf64c094f · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Tzach, Y
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 17de94ba-393a-459a-97ea-5a4c1fad46c8 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Unresolved cited work
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation f1765c35-a044-4908-b3a0-71d8604a444e · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning The mechanism underlying successful deep learning
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 80bbdf13-0727-4112-843e-46dcb890fbeb · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Very Deep Convolutional Networks for Text Classification
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation c9e7a37f-fa66-49f7-89c4-8a220ff45b81 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Krizhevsky, G
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation e4025a3c-95c4-4b99-b04e-670fc6625b99 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Unresolved cited work
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 19729283-6321-49d6-ae50-bdeb80f6d3e8 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Koresh, T
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation fd4e3301-02dc-4c27-9d40-77839a5cdca7 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Tevet, R.D
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 92d1ca76-cc54-4e41-9258-5ad28b2aa532 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Towards a universal mechanism for successful deep learning
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 193d0cc9-17f3-4aea-9bf0-6645984e830f · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Unresolved cited work
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation d6082b6c-0143-4185-963b-7f4715270e67 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Unresolved cited work
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 88972625-d791-42bb-8c9d-812301949b95 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Clark, K.A
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 3100a1d0-313b-4774-8ed5-e39a1305eed7 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Ghosh, Y
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation d8eda53d-4216-4a5b-bd20-b072626b2485 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Durbin, D.E
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 8fe21178-1646-4e52-8699-85ce366fdb1f · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Hodassman, R
Reference 53
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation c52c2b6f-4cb3-4ade-97b0-10743764a2c7 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Vardi, Y
Reference 54
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-07T06:34:17.273281+00:00.
Observation 7f54e2f7-6208-4e42-9c1c-9c0756e75334 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Sardi, R
Reference 55
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 31ee5467-8ef9-482b-a2c0-25afc4242c3a · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Sardi, R
Reference 56
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 88b366c5-2bc6-4520-8773-64d63095f5a1 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Lehmann, R
Reference 57
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 897b0e9f-4ec2-42d3-ad53-81c119e8f2a5 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning FewRel: A Large-Scale Supervised Few-Shot Relation Classification Dataset with State-of-the-Art Evaluation
Reference 58
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Observation 0b75307d-e708-46d6-a36f-b77cd6988d53 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning PyTorch: An Imperative Style, High-Performance Deep Learning Library
Reference 59
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Observation 56758630-999d-49dc-9607-00868fa711b7 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Schmidhuber, Deep learning in neural networks: An overview, Neural networks, 61 (2015) 85-117
Reference 60
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Observation 243c5f76-3ab2-4309-92f5-6e3fd730eb53 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Unresolved cited work
Reference 61
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation d1921562-adaf-4b16-be88-8dcc9c8b2458 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Decoupled Weight Decay Regularization
Reference 62
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Observation 5e8d4bdd-1d62-48c6-a26b-b800afd71024 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning L2 Regularization for Learning Kernels
Reference 63
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Observation 1616d138-a0ff-49aa-8b08-130635d6a4c1 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Accurate, Large Minibatch SGD: Training ImageNet in 1 Hour
Reference 64
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 6a970119-8bd2-4196-84cc-644e09281535 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning DistilBERT, a distilled version of BERT: smaller, faster, cheaper and lighter
Reference 65
Source-reported events for the cited work
Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
Observation 57488ebc-df3e-4b84-b68b-d210824b2946 · outbound
Learning Mechanism Underlying NLP Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning Universal Language Model Fine-tuning for Text Classification
Reference 66
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Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.