Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language

As of 20 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 65 of 65 outbound references and 2 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2411.12986.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2411.12986 v2

Coverage vector

measured 65 of 65 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-12T17:04:34.514541Z

measured 67 of 67 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00

measured 2 of 2 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T00:42:57.834986Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-05-14T20:19:27.489525Z

Reference resolution

65 of 65 outbound references displayed

verified exact2
verified fuzzy0
unresolved63
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 082a83b3-3059-4ea9-a7b3-87a1cc560cd1 · outbound

This paper cites online" 'onlinestring :=.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language online" 'onlinestring :=

Reference 1

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 9e8eff95-87e4-40f0-9bbb-3732e2ae1da4 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language write newline

Reference 2

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Observation d5a053cb-28d3-4ad3-b69a-d5a157a430ea · outbound

This paper cites The Falcon Series of Open Language Models.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language The Falcon Series of Open Language Models

Reference 3

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This paper cites PaLM 2 Technical Report.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language PaLM 2 Technical Report

Reference 4

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

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This paper cites What Languages are Easy to Language-Model? A Perspective from Learning Probabilistic Regular Languages.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language What Languages are Easy to Language-Model? A Perspective from Learning Probabilistic Regular Languages

Reference 6

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Observation 276402bb-b512-49fa-93fe-ccc3fcc1d9e5 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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This paper cites Sparks of Artificial General Intelligence: Early experiments with GPT-4.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Sparks of Artificial General Intelligence: Early experiments with GPT-4

Reference 8

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Observation af6dd479-9a7b-49b5-ab08-e8526ba6ba16 · outbound

This paper cites When Is Multilinguality a Curse? Language Modeling for 250 High- and Low-Resource Languages.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language When Is Multilinguality a Curse? Language Modeling for 250 High- and Low-Resource Languages

Reference 9

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation b77dc9b2-7ca4-4ffa-b61f-55e2d85eb8e7 · outbound

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Think you have Solved Question Answering? Try ARC, the AI2 Reasoning Challenge

Reference 10

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Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8ed306d7-177f-409d-b246-4b597ddb5514 · outbound

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

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Observation bc60adfd-c33e-4bad-9024-872a10bd1fdd · outbound

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Unresolved cited work

Reference 12

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Observation 162708bd-56b7-47c6-9b73-5cddb3e69989 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

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Observation 94590cbe-b180-4d0c-aa3a-14d458119ce4 · outbound

This paper cites BERTje: A Dutch BERT Model.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language BERTje: A Dutch BERT Model

Reference 14

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Observation b62e26dd-dc40-4c41-a1ce-3c4ee0aa0a67 · outbound

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Unresolved cited work

Reference 15

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This paper cites TinyStories: How Small Can Language Models Be and Still Speak Coherent English?.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language TinyStories: How Small Can Language Models Be and Still Speak Coherent English?

Reference 16

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This paper cites An Efficient Approach for Studying Cross-Lingual Transfer in Multilingual Language Models.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language An Efficient Approach for Studying Cross-Lingual Transfer in Multilingual Language Models

Reference 17

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 93a373ce-7ae5-43b9-b2fb-750171ab7e4b · outbound

This paper cites DoGE: Domain Reweighting with Generalization Estimation.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language DoGE: Domain Reweighting with Generalization Estimation

Reference 18

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Observation c2416b6d-4c7b-4be1-b35e-88900f104983 · outbound

This paper cites CroissantLLM: A Truly Bilingual French-English Language Model.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language CroissantLLM: A Truly Bilingual French-English Language Model

Reference 19

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Observation d0344d79-8df4-4b1c-bb5c-2ad391db6b1c · outbound

This paper cites Task-Adaptive Pretrained Language Models via Clustered-Importance Sampling.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Task-Adaptive Pretrained Language Models via Clustered-Importance Sampling

Reference 20

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Observation a9901614-b1f0-4884-a1c5-1a9b14fb9314 · outbound

This paper cites Need a Small Specialized Language Model? Plan Early!.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Need a Small Specialized Language Model? Plan Early!

Reference 21

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Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation dc91b19c-a3f3-423e-8d73-38667cc53e8d · outbound

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Textbooks Are All You Need

Reference 22

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Observation 374e0f11-97d7-415b-8194-24df177a904e · outbound

This paper cites Whose Language Counts as High Quality? Measuring Language Ideologies in Text Data Selection.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Whose Language Counts as High Quality? Measuring Language Ideologies in Text Data Selection

Reference 23

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Observation ecfe9f61-a41c-4050-ae8f-b912d7f77e70 · outbound

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

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Observation c8c90d5e-aa0a-4f6c-a87f-9d8554f7541f · outbound

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Mistral 7B

Reference 25

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Mission: Impossible Language Models

Reference 26

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models

Reference 27

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Large Language Model-guided Document Selection

Reference 28

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language FlauBERT: Unsupervised Language Model Pre-training for French

Reference 29

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Unresolved cited work

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Paul Lewis, Gary F

Reference 31

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language DataComp-LM: In search of the next generation of training sets for language models

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Self-Alignment with Instruction Backtranslation

Reference 33

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Textbooks Are All You Need II: phi-1.5 technical report

Reference 34

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language A Pretrainer's Guide to Training Data: Measuring the Effects of Data Age, Domain Coverage, Quality, & Toxicity

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Rephrasing the Web: A Recipe for Compute and Data-Efficient Language Modeling

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language CamemBERT: a Tasty French Language Model

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Observation d3ba80c5-d449-40b8-bc87-f4725a894827 · outbound

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Unresolved cited work

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language SeaLLMs -- Large Language Models for Southeast Asia

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language GPT-4 Technical Report

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language The FineWeb Datasets: Decanting the Web for the Finest Text Data at Scale

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language The RefinedWeb Dataset for Falcon LLM: Outperforming Curated Corpora with Web Data, and Web Data Only

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Observation ae6f5055-ce5e-47f9-b535-edf6f60f01c3 · outbound

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Unresolved cited work

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language How multilingual is Multilingual BERT?

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Scaling Language Models: Methods, Analysis & Insights from Training Gopher

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Unresolved cited work

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Making Monolingual Sentence Embeddings Multilingual using Knowledge Distillation

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language How to Train Data-Efficient LLMs

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Unresolved cited work

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language GottBERT: a pure German Language Model

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Unresolved cited work

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Unresolved cited work

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Skywork: A More Open Bilingual Foundation Model

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language PolyLM: An Open Source Polyglot Large Language Model

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Crowdsourcing Multiple Choice Science Questions

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Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Do Llamas Work in English? On the Latent Language of Multilingual Transformers

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Observation 9b40d18b-c330-4822-a9fb-653df3ad17d8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Unresolved cited work

Reference 61

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T17:04:34.500998Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 6b90413a-ba2d-4e88-921f-600e47b29d11 · outbound

This paper cites A Survey on Multilingual Large Language Models: Corpora, Alignment, and Bias.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language A Survey on Multilingual Large Language Models: Corpora, Alignment, and Bias

Reference 62

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T17:04:34.504214Z

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Observation dc62bae8-70ab-4f7f-82ea-dd7f9715a61b · outbound

This paper cites mT5: A massively multilingual pre-trained text-to-text transformer.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language mT5: A massively multilingual pre-trained text-to-text transformer

Reference 63

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T17:04:34.507619Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 4860a887-94ab-49b0-a85b-1c2ba3487a5a · outbound

This paper cites Self-Rewarding Language Models.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language Self-Rewarding Language Models

Reference 64

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T17:04:34.511032Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fcc912fd-bf1f-4302-a0c2-8c73ce735ddd · outbound

This paper cites HellaSwag: Can a Machine Really Finish Your Sentence?.

Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language HellaSwag: Can a Machine Really Finish Your Sentence?

Reference 65

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-12T17:04:34.514541Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Pith citing papers

Observation 1d5c8e57-8b08-4aee-b4fd-57ee619cc5e1 · inbound

Assessing the Role of Data Quality in Training Bilingual Language Models cites this paper.

Assessing the Role of Data Quality in Training Bilingual Language Models Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language

Reference 50

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T00:42:57.834986Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 6e63aa36-7eec-4c29-a61e-512ec27ec5bc · inbound

Mix, Don't Tune: Bilingual Pre-Training Outperforms Hyperparameter Search in Data-Constrained Settings cites this paper.

Mix, Don't Tune: Bilingual Pre-Training Outperforms Hyperparameter Search in Data-Constrained Settings Training Bilingual LMs with Data Constraints in the Targeted Language

Reference 21

Resolution: verified exact; arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-14T20:19:27.495129Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.