Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context

As of 20 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 24 of 24 outbound references and 1 inbound Pith citation observation for arXiv:2501.03855.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2501.03855 v1

Coverage vector

measured 24 of 24 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:21.850060Z

measured 25 of 25 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00

measured 1 of 1 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T06:05:23.786438Z

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: pith, observed 2026-08-16T06:05:23.899630Z

Reference resolution

24 of 24 outbound references displayed

verified exact2
verified fuzzy1
unresolved20
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier1
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation d3a7284f-bcdd-413e-8a90-bda310101115 · outbound

This paper cites online" 'onlinestring :=.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context online" 'onlinestring :=

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:21.636895Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 023e8dfc-58c8-4457-ac7a-7f2e64519766 · outbound

This paper cites write newline.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context write newline

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:21.647563Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 91ed6818-9a65-4daa-938b-f0d7dc6026c4 · outbound

This paper cites Bamba Dione, Andiswa Bukula, Rooweither Mabuya, Bonaventure F.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Bamba Dione, Andiswa Bukula, Rooweither Mabuya, Bonaventure F

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:21.655605Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 0eeab131-c127-49ca-b3dd-a8f83df85738 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Unresolved cited work

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:21.663757Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2a37452d-55e3-4e74-9be3-2967b3cfaff6 · outbound

This paper cites Alabi, David Ifeoluwa Adelani, Marius Mosbach, and Dietrich Klakow.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Alabi, David Ifeoluwa Adelani, Marius Mosbach, and Dietrich Klakow

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:21.671100Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4dae711b-4f7f-47df-a36c-83cf4b54ab0d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:22.207154Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation fbe4a820-626f-4ec3-a734-76b562729584 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Unresolved cited work

Reference 7

Resolution: verified exact; doi, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:22.168785Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation c5b5e833-fb07-4e7b-b699-deec760b9f42 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:21.702635Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 41bd6302-53b1-4db0-8b21-8e8babe4aaae · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Unresolved cited work

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:21.712050Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation cf213e1a-3a34-4dd8-ac7f-62f3b17f5870 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:21.719310Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fa05d8cc-6a9b-43ef-8d41-d69c5a9a9457 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Unresolved cited work

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:21.730366Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation e668c796-044d-4413-8022-90ad4e32f1d6 · outbound

This paper cites Eberhard, Gary F.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Eberhard, Gary F

Reference 12

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:22.356801Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation ad3ee37a-4d61-4f8e-94ba-6d7225825572 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:21.752665Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 7d5c44a0-c262-42ab-b42b-7806435c5103 · outbound

This paper cites Richards, Steven F.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Richards, Steven F

Reference 14

Resolution: malformed identifier; doi_truncated, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:22.038617Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation 690fa3b5-a680-4505-9fdf-e3dcc663b789 · outbound

This paper cites RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach

Reference 15

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:21.773705Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 02f72787-6a14-4991-9f19-13142ce1f5aa · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:22.331707Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

Observation c7145484-b912-4b8d-b4d3-36470b2c710c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Unresolved cited work

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:21.791379Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 02b36b18-9a4d-44e9-a5df-dad7f2927485 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Unresolved cited work

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:21.797953Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1605c789-6f7f-4b92-a108-aea4746d8525 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Unresolved cited work

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:21.807621Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation fb2fb98d-856a-4d96-af55-587ce9c21c7e · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Unresolved cited work

Reference 20

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:21.814931Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2eaa8681-3922-4a9e-a00d-ddc4b64c21c7 · outbound

This paper cites Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models

Reference 21

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:21.824551Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation d8cac24b-e82c-4800-b029-751f0772091f · outbound

This paper cites Attention Is All You Need.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Attention Is All You Need

Reference 22

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:21.833672Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation b3189ea7-b871-4485-977a-ee0dc25e1c4c · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Unresolved cited work

Reference 23

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:21.841895Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation f22feb78-56dd-41dc-9920-2c0a682b8f84 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context Unresolved cited work

Reference 24

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-10T21:47:21.850060Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Pith citing papers

Observation 6859555a-7989-4c87-96b0-19652ea78b58 · inbound

Sample-Efficient Language Model for Hinglish Conversational AI cites this paper.

Sample-Efficient Language Model for Hinglish Conversational AI BabyLMs for isiXhosa: Data-Efficient Language Modelling in a Low-Resource Context

Reference 9

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-16T06:05:23.908325Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.