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A computer-friendly construction of the monster

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arxiv 2002.10921 v5 pith:XJ2QZ6X5 submitted 2020-02-22 math.GR

classification math.GR
keywords mathbbconstructionconwayconstructedgeneratorsgroupmatricesmonster
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abstract

Let $\mathbb{M}$ be the monster group which is the largest sporadic finite simple group, and has first been constructed in 1982 by Griess. In 1985, Conway has constructed a 196884-dimensional representation $\rho$ of $\mathbb{M}$ with matrix coefficients in $\mathbb{Z}[\frac{1}{2}]$. So these matrices may be reduced modulo any (not necessarily prime) odd number $p$, leading to representations of $\mathbb{M}$ in odd characteristic. The representation $\rho$ is based on representations of two maximal subgroups $G_{x0}$ and $N_0$ of $\mathbb{M}$. In ATLAS notation, $G_{x0}$ has structure $2_+^{1+24}.\mbox{Co}_1$ and $N_0$ has structure $2^{2+11+22}.( M_{24} \times S_3)$. Conway has constructed an explicit set of generators of $N_0$, but not of $G_{x0}$. This paper is essentially a rewrite of Conway's construction augmented by an explicit construction of an element of $G_{x0} \setminus N_0$. This gives us a complete set of generators of $\mathbb{M}$. It turns out that the matrices of all generators of $\mathbb{M}$ consist of monomial blocks, and of blocks which are essentially Hadamard matrices scaled by a negative power of two. Multiplication with such a generator can be programmed very efficiently if the modulus $p$ is of shape $2^k-1$. So this paper may be considered a as programmer's reference for Conway's construction of the monster group $\mathbb{M}$. We have implemented representations of $\mathbb{M}$ modulo 3, 7, 15, 31, 127, and 255.

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Cited by 2 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. The Order of the Monster Finite Simple Group

    math.GR 2025-08 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    The order of the Monster is obtained by counting axes, giving 808,017,424,794,512,875,886,459,904,961,710,757,005,754,368,000,000,000.

  2. Finite permutation groups with quasi-semiregular elements

    math.GR 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Finite primitive permutation groups admitting a quasi-semiregular element have O'Nan-Scott type HA, AS, PA, SD or CD, and the alternating and sporadic almost simple cases are classified explicitly.

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