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One million year old groundwater in the Sahara revealed by krypton-81 and chlorine-36

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arxiv physics/0402092 v1 pith:XMELK6BK submitted 2004-02-18 physics.geo-ph physics.atom-ph

N.C. Sturchio , X. Du , R. Purtschert , B.E. Lehmann , M. Sultan , L.J. Patterson , Z.-T. Lu , P. Mueller
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T. Bigler K. Bailey T.P. O'Connor L. Young R. Lorenzo R. Becker Z. El Alfy B. El Kaliouby Y. Dawood A.M.A. Abdallah
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classification physics.geo-phphysics.atom-ph
keywords groundwateregyptmeasurementsmethodrangeagesappliedaquifer
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Measurements of 81Kr/Kr in deep groundwater from the Nubian Aquifer (Egypt) were performed by a new laser-based atom-counting method. 81Kr ages range from \~2x10^5 to ~1x10^6 yr, correlate with 36Cl/Cl ratios, and are consistent with lateral flow of groundwater from a recharge area near the Uweinat Uplift in SW Egypt. Low delta-2H values of the 81Kr-dated groundwater reveal a recurrent Atlantic moisture source during Pleistocene pluvial periods. These results indicate that the 81Kr method for dating old groundwater is robust and such measurements can now be applied to a wide range of hydrologic problems.

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