Cold Atomic Gas in the CGPS and Beyond

The Canadian Galactic Plane Survey has opened new vistas on the Milky Way, including cold hydrogen clouds that bridge a critical gap between the classical diffuse interstellar medium and the gravitationally bound molecular clouds that can form stars. The CGPS and its fellow IGPS surveys revealed these transitional clouds to be surprisingly widespread as HI self-absorption (HISA) shadows against the Galactic HI emission background. The richness of the IGPS data allows detailed examination of HISA cloud spatial structure, gas properties, Galactic distribution, and correspondence with molecular gas, all of which can constrain models of cold HI clouds in the evolving interstellar medium. Augmenting the landmark IGPS effort are new and upcoming surveys with the Arecibo 305m and Australian SKA Pathfinder telescopes.