On the local-global divisibility over {rm GL}₂-type varieties

Let $k$ be a number field and let ${\mathcal{A}}$ be a ${\rm GL}_2$-type variety defined over $k$ of dimension $d$. We show that for every prime number $p$ satisfying certain conditions (see Theorem 2), if the local-global divisibility principle by a power of $p$ does not hold for ${\mathcal{A}}$ over $k$, then there exists a cyclic extension $\widetilde{k}$ of $k$ of degree bounded by a constant depending on $d$ such that ${\mathcal{A}}$ is $\widetilde{k}$-isogenous to a ${\rm GL}_2$-type variety defined over $\widetilde{k}$ that admits a $\widetilde{k}$-rational point of order $p$. Moreover, we explain how our result is related to a question of Cassels on the divisibility of the Tate-Shafarevich group, studied by Ciperiani and Stix and Creutz.