Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning

As of 23 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 20 of 20 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.04223.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.04223 v1

Coverage vector

measured 20 of 20 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:26.036820Z

measured 20 of 20 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00

measured 0 of 0 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 0 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: cited_works

Reference resolution

20 of 20 outbound references displayed

verified exact2
verified fuzzy2
unresolved16
parse uncertain0
malformed identifier0
metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

No source-named external measurement is stored.

Outbound references

Observation 6bce02fd-0c21-4313-8ece-ebace4087b82 · outbound

This paper cites SmolLM2: When Smol Goes Big -- Data-Centric Training of a Small Language Model.

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning SmolLM2: When Smol Goes Big -- Data-Centric Training of a Small Language Model

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:25.679708Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a790660e-7c1e-4df2-9fd9-bcfbf4ac250d · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 2

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:26.989610Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 0dd8f3c3-00c1-4fd0-963d-b161f3c21d7d · outbound

This paper cites Caldarola, B.

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning Caldarola, B

Reference 3

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:26.861890Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation ab359b07-7176-4d71-b4e8-c1015ab3b9d1 · outbound

This paper cites 94% on CIFAR-10 in 3.29 Seconds on a Single GPU.

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning 94% on CIFAR-10 in 3.29 Seconds on a Single GPU

Reference 4

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:25.771554Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 30916a7c-f4f6-4a1e-908e-92ba631649e8 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:25.778141Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 2fd0b113-a929-45b3-b4e1-30d7387964fd · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 6

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:26.724327Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 1c9bd07a-585c-4a39-a259-241ce49cc87b · outbound

This paper cites Krizhevsky, G.

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning Krizhevsky, G

Reference 7

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:25.788278Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 1f72dfe5-0b67-4c9d-bd04-2d446a711215 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 8

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:25.793671Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6187e560-a60a-455d-83ee-4740d59f82ed · outbound

This paper cites On the Convergence of FedAvg on Non-IID Data.

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning On the Convergence of FedAvg on Non-IID Data

Reference 9

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:25.799186Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 4a40de82-4909-4a54-92e9-180c77443dcc · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 10

Resolution: verified exact; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:26.330891Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 247c4006-d2b4-4837-8b5c-0ed63d7aaf47 · outbound

This paper cites McMahan, E.

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning McMahan, E

Reference 11

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:25.873794Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 8274cfcd-66ce-486d-acb1-05dd4cb272f2 · outbound

This paper cites Pointer Sentinel Mixture Models.

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning Pointer Sentinel Mixture Models

Reference 12

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:25.930289Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 9ca364a0-1b31-4b64-a169-84785ff80828 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 13

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:26.625100Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 16b14ddd-a72f-4dce-957b-1fd90df1f421 · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:26.520439Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation 0528a81c-7e0d-4827-be52-d23783b1985f · outbound

This paper cites Image Interpolation with Score-based Riemannian Metrics of Diffusion Models.

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning Image Interpolation with Score-based Riemannian Metrics of Diffusion Models

Reference 15

Resolution: verified exact; local_arxiv, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:26.168968Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation ed046d39-87f2-44f4-ac3f-4a16672793ef · outbound

This paper cites an unresolved cited work.

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning Unresolved cited work

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:26.438091Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Observation b7520056-d215-4978-9137-227fccbf2c30 · outbound

This paper cites Vaswani, N.

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning Vaswani, N

Reference 17

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:26.019883Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation a671a1d2-5043-47d5-b618-80c87d1f0bf8 · outbound

This paper cites Perplexity from PLM Is Unreliable for Evaluating Text Quality.

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning Perplexity from PLM Is Unreliable for Evaluating Text Quality

Reference 18

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:26.025128Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 34a0a8dc-5268-4bac-a8ac-d230157d0e83 · outbound

This paper cites Asynchronous Federated Optimization.

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning Asynchronous Federated Optimization

Reference 19

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:26.030981Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

Observation 6bef1ecd-2c7d-4cdb-b626-1321abb20959 · outbound

This paper cites Yuan and P.

FRAIN to Train: A Fast-and-Reliable Solution for Decentralized Federated Learning Yuan and P

Reference 20

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-15T23:38:26.407000Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-23T06:30:58.430688+00:00.

Pith citing papers

No inbound Pith citation observations are available.