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Eight very excited spectra and one possible axion in SU(3) lattice gauge theory

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arxiv 2303.15152 v1 pith:YWWZJVSO submitted 2023-03-27 hep-lat

classification hep-lat
keywords sigmafluxsqrtaxioneightgaugelatticepossible
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

We compute the spectra of flux tubes formed between a static quark antiquark pair up to a significant number of excitations and for eight symmetries of the flux tubes, up to $\Delta_u$, using pure $SU(3)$ gauge lattice QCD in 3+1 dimensions. To accomplish this goal, we use a large set of appropriate operators, an anisotropic tadpole improved action, smearing techniques, and solve a generalized eigenvalue problem. Moreover, we compare our results with the Nambu-Goto string model to evaluate possible tensions which could be a signal for novel phenomena. Especially, we provide evidence for the coupling of a massive particle, say an axion, to the $\Sigma_g^-$, $\Sigma_u^-$, and $\Sigma_u^{-*}$ flux tube with approximate masses $ 2.25\sqrt{\sigma}$, $1.85\sqrt{\sigma}$, $3.30\sqrt{\sigma}$, respectively.

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  1. The spectrum of open confining strings in the large-Nc limit

    hep-lat 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    The open flux-tube spectrum in SU(Nc) for Nc=3 to 6 shows massive axion-like states whose lightest mass, extrapolated to large Nc, is consistent with the worldsheet axion mass of the closed flux tube.

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