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Self-induced conversion in dense neutrino gases: Pendulum in flavour space

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arxiv astro-ph/0608695 v3 pith:GG36WAZP submitted 2006-08-31 astro-ph

classification astro-ph
keywords flavourbipolarconversioncollectiveneutrinoneutrinososcillationspendulum
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Neutrino-neutrino interactions can lead to collective flavour conversion effects in supernovae and in the early universe. We demonstrate that the case of "bipolar" oscillations, where a dense gas of neutrinos and antineutrinos in equal numbers completely converts from one flavour to another even if the mixing angle is small, is equivalent to a pendulum in flavour space. Bipolar flavour conversion corresponds to the swinging of the pendulum, which begins in an unstable upright position (the initial flavour), and passes through momentarily the vertically downward position (the other flavour) in the course of its motion. The time scale to complete one cycle of oscillation depends logarithmically on the vacuum mixing angle. Likewise, the presence of an ordinary medium can be shown analytically to contribute to a logarithmic increase in the bipolar conversion period. We further find that a more complex (and realistic) system of unequal numbers of neutrinos and antineutrinos is analogous to a spinning top subject to a torque. This analogy easily explains how such a system can oscillate in both the bipolar and the synchronised mode, depending on the neutrino density and the size of the neutrino-antineutrino asymmetry. Our simple model applies strictly only to isotropic neutrino gasses. In more general cases, and especially for neutrinos streaming from a supernova core, different modes couple to each other with unequal strength, an effect that can lead to kinematical decoherence in flavour space rather than collective oscillations. The exact circumstances under which collective oscillations occur in non-isotropic media remain to be understood.

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Forward citations

Cited by 9 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Theory of neutrino slow flavor evolution. Part I. Homogeneous medium

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  3. Advection Algorithms for Quantum Neutrino Moment Transport

    astro-ph.HE 2025-01 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    A modulus-phase Riemann solver for quantum neutrino moments gives fast-flavor instability growth rates and wavenumbers closer to multi-angle simulations than the prior real-imaginary implementation.

  4. Quasi-steady flavor configuration of multi-energy neutrino ensembles

    astro-ph.HE 2026-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Semi-analytic formulas for the quasi-steady flavor state of multi-energy neutrinos reproduce numerical kinetic-equation solutions to about 10-15% accuracy in homogeneous periodic boxes.

  5. Solar-System Abundances of $p$-Nuclides Probe Collective Neutrino Oscillations in Supernovae

    hep-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Nearby neutrino flavor conversion in a supernova can boost νp-process yields of p-nuclides like 92Mo and 92Nb by up to two orders of magnitude, matching solar abundances when conversion starts within ~10 km of the pro...

  6. Single-wave solutions of the neutrino fast flavor system. Part I. Mechanical properties

    hep-ph 2026-01 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Single-wave neutrino flavor solutions form a non-integrable spin system without Gaudin invariants, so an exact flavor pendulum exists only for two beams and does not extend to continuous angle distributions.

  7. Flavor Equilibration of Supernova Neutrinos: Exploring the Dynamics of Slow Modes

    astro-ph.HE 2025-05 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Slow flavor conversion drives supernova neutrinos to a coarse-grained flavor-equilibrated state within a few inverse vacuum frequencies, with survival probabilities set by the neutrino-antineutrino density ratio alone.

  8. Neutrino oscillations in a neutrino-dominated accretion disk around a Kerr BH

    astro-ph.HE 2019-09 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Neutrino self-interactions inside neutrino-cooled accretion disks are argued to push flavors toward equipartition, reducing the neutrino-antineutrino annihilation energy deposition around black holes by a factor up to...

  9. Singular Perturbations of Hamilton-Jacobi Equations in the Wasserstein Space

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