The structure of extra loops

The Sylow theorems hold for finite extra loops, as does P. Hall's theorem for finite solvable extra loops. Every finite nonassociative extra loop $Q$ has a nontrivial center, $Z(Q)$. Furthermore, $Q/Z(Q)$ is a group whenever $|Q| < 512$. Loop extensions are used to construct an infinite nonassociative extra loop with a trivial center and a nonassociative extra loop $Q$ of order 512 such that $Q/Z(Q)$ is nonassociative. There are exactly 16 nonassociative extra loops of order $16p$ for each odd prime $p$.