Sur le groupe d'interpolation

We study the interpolation group whose elements are suitable pairs of formal power series. This group has a faithful representation into infinite lower triangular matrices and carries thus a natural structure as a Lie group. The matrix exponential between its Lie algebra and its matrix representation gives rise to a function with interesting properties extending the usual exponential function to two variables (which are formal power series) We finish with an application to enumerative combinatorics and the description of an algebra which generalizes the interpolation group.