Pith Number

pith:23QYMS2M

pith:2025:23QYMS2MUHCF5L56BEK6WW224R

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Creation of Lunar-Like Rims in Ilmenite using Synthetic Solar Wind

Advik D. Vira, Brant M. Jones, Honglin Liu, Katherine D. Burgess, Masatoshi Hirabayashi, Mengkun Tian, Phillip N. First, Pranav Rane, Roshan S. Trivedi, Thomas M. Orlando, Zhigang Jiang, Ziyu Huang

Solar wind alone creates the characteristic rims and small nanophase iron particles found in lunar samples.

arxiv:2509.03334 v3 · 2025-09-03 · astro-ph.EP

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{23QYMS2MUHCF5L56BEK6WW224R}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

Solar wind alone creates rims with all the main characteristics of lunar samples; small npFe0 (<10 nm) form due to the solar wind.

C2weakest assumption

That deuterium ions combined with low-energy electrons as synthetic solar wind plasma produce rim features and npFe0 distributions that accurately replicate the effects of actual solar wind on ilmenite without significant experimental artifacts.

C3one line summary

Synthetic solar wind irradiation of ilmenite creates lunar-like rims with quantified nanophase iron, confirming solar wind forms small npFe0 and enabling exposure estimates for Apollo soil 71501.

Formal links

2 machine-checked theorem links

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-06-19T16:12:14.920355Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

d6e1864b4ca1c45eafbe0915eb5b5ae45533104c9834e07924216c9a4dbf4308

Aliases

arxiv: 2509.03334 · arxiv_version: 2509.03334v3 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2509.03334 · pith_short_12: 23QYMS2MUHCF · pith_short_16: 23QYMS2MUHCF5L56 · pith_short_8: 23QYMS2M

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/23QYMS2MUHCF5L56BEK6WW224R \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: d6e1864b4ca1c45eafbe0915eb5b5ae45533104c9834e07924216c9a4dbf4308

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "35a8c31cb824544bbdae1adc90339410d641bc0d69576575c0f6a7baa514cb12",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "astro-ph.EP",
    "submitted_at": "2025-09-03T14:10:11Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "546e408c43becbd4d2507a959f5791ee66e929fa648203469afe1d5157315ac1"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2509.03334",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 3
  }
}