Pith Number

pith:2S4TBIFP

pith:2017:2S4TBIFP7ETZFEZOSFGCRLI4KN

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Counterfactual Learning for Machine Translation: Degeneracies and Solutions

Carolin Lawrence, Pratik Gajane, Stefan Riezler

arxiv:1711.08621 v3 · 2017-11-23 · stat.ML · cs.CL · cs.LG

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{2S4TBIFP7ETZFEZOSFGCRLI4KN}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T00:28:01.676424Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

d4b930a0aff92792932e914c28ad1c53434da9a0c8d48db19b2719353276c1ea

Aliases

arxiv: 1711.08621 · arxiv_version: 1711.08621v3 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.1711.08621 · pith_short_12: 2S4TBIFP7ETZ · pith_short_16: 2S4TBIFP7ETZFEZO · pith_short_8: 2S4TBIFP

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/2S4TBIFP7ETZFEZOSFGCRLI4KN \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: d4b930a0aff92792932e914c28ad1c53434da9a0c8d48db19b2719353276c1ea

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "e083f2c21372709d78735a84ab3a92ba7175c21389ea9aa64a99b344ec942c31",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.CL",
      "cs.LG"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "stat.ML",
    "submitted_at": "2017-11-23T08:54:05Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "279cf210955db8b69c474a88657ebff12063b6c786995f9ea9e374586a9c5870"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "1711.08621",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 3
  }
}