Pith Number

pith:2WGRJRTK

pith:2018:2WGRJRTKAXU4545HFFZRYQUWNQ

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Time Protection: the Missing OS Abstraction

Gernot Heiser, Qian Ge, Tom Chothia, Yuval Yarom

arxiv:1810.05345 v2 · 2018-10-12 · cs.OS

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{2WGRJRTKAXU4545HFFZRYQUWNQ}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T00:03:14.369230Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

d58d14c66a05e9cef3a729731c42966c052580dee7fb96f8bb3780061e1d84a1

Aliases

arxiv: 1810.05345 · arxiv_version: 1810.05345v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.1810.05345 · pith_short_12: 2WGRJRTKAXU4 · pith_short_16: 2WGRJRTKAXU4545H · pith_short_8: 2WGRJRTK

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/2WGRJRTKAXU4545HFFZRYQUWNQ \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: d58d14c66a05e9cef3a729731c42966c052580dee7fb96f8bb3780061e1d84a1

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "9b27968975471e8b4c5748bee97b57a6974aae9a442dd907770534a6dea082e9",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.OS",
    "submitted_at": "2018-10-12T03:54:52Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "d7d70862eaef996cb1f844d0fd3c4773b459d8c279f238a9d7821e560f6176a5"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "1810.05345",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}