Pith Number

pith:3XSC4SZZ

pith:2026:3XSC4SZZIC7TZT7XZQAMJBJ7JD

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

The Illusion of Intervention: Your LLM-Simulated Experiment is an Observational Study

Alexander D'Amour, Arthur Gretton, John Canny, Maja Matari\'c, Taedong Yun, Victoria Lin

arxiv:2605.20767 v1 · 2026-05-20 · cs.CL · cs.LG · stat.ME

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{3XSC4SZZIC7TZT7XZQAMJBJ7JD}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-21T01:04:53.315498Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

dde42e4b3940bf3ccff7cc00c4853f48ed62ddf3b115737d43110dd55e58461a

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.20767 · arxiv_version: 2605.20767v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2605.20767 · pith_short_12: 3XSC4SZZIC7T · pith_short_16: 3XSC4SZZIC7TZT7X · pith_short_8: 3XSC4SZZ

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/3XSC4SZZIC7TZT7XZQAMJBJ7JD \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: dde42e4b3940bf3ccff7cc00c4853f48ed62ddf3b115737d43110dd55e58461a

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "c545f918f86e2bc1e6aa6ec448a34a4b8403fee25a30a51402a245a3761040c8",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.LG",
      "stat.ME"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.CL",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-20T06:09:41Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "0a009e882b3acfdae5b45d4ea54c13589ab53f4eb0e297535cacccd5b797f0e6"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2605.20767",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}