Pith Number

pith:3Y7YN4NM

pith:2026:3Y7YN4NM6VZA6QUYJAQAVTY46J

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Predictive Modeling for High Impact Active Learning Classrooms

Meagan Sundstrom, N.G. Holmes, Olive Ross

A specific combination of group worksheets, clicker questions, and student questions produces exceptional learning gains with effect sizes greater than 2.

arxiv:2603.14335 v3 · 2026-03-15 · physics.ed-ph

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{3Y7YN4NM6VZA6QUYJAQAVTY46J}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

We identify one type of class that produces exceptional learning gains (effect sizes > 2): 10-20% of time on group worksheets, 20-40% on group clicker questions, and two or more student questions per hour.

C2weakest assumption

That associations observed in the observational dataset of 69 classes reflect causal effects of the specific activity combinations rather than confounding variables such as instructor skill, student preparation, or institutional differences.

C3one line summary

A model from 69 classes finds that 10-20% group worksheets, 20-40% group clicker questions, and at least two student questions per hour produce effect sizes over 2 in learning gains, while classes without group worksheets match lecture-only performance.

Formal links

2 machine-checked theorem links

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-29T02:05:42.964039Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

de3f86f1acf5720f429848200acf1cf24396b3f43745de82dc5bd8dd91bac3fc

Aliases

arxiv: 2603.14335 · arxiv_version: 2603.14335v3 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2603.14335 · pith_short_12: 3Y7YN4NM6VZA · pith_short_16: 3Y7YN4NM6VZA6QUY · pith_short_8: 3Y7YN4NM

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/3Y7YN4NM6VZA6QUYJAQAVTY46J \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: de3f86f1acf5720f429848200acf1cf24396b3f43745de82dc5bd8dd91bac3fc

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "ecd1aea454b2091f7f30327932a33e2555728e4d95c5f5d11affbddfa8a3a64e",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "physics.ed-ph",
    "submitted_at": "2026-03-15T11:58:17Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "28f8fd91c0d4a01d747e8102aaedda5b56b44bedbfa9a21792a04972afd61921"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2603.14335",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 3
  }
}