Pith Number

pith:4N57LB7U

pith:2021:4N57LB7ULK4ZCMVAMB5BIDPEG4

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Extracting Qualitative Causal Structure with Transformer-Based NLP

Ian H. Magnusson, Scott E. Friedman, Sonja M. Schmer-Galunder

arxiv:2108.13304 v1 · 2021-08-20 · cs.LG · cs.CL

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{4N57LB7ULK4ZCMVAMB5BIDPEG4}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T03:09:52.635396Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

e37bf587f45ab99132a0607a140de43733237bb9ccf6923a7758e87c7680abfd

Aliases

arxiv: 2108.13304 · arxiv_version: 2108.13304v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2108.13304 · pith_short_12: 4N57LB7ULK4Z · pith_short_16: 4N57LB7ULK4ZCMVA · pith_short_8: 4N57LB7U

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/4N57LB7ULK4ZCMVAMB5BIDPEG4 \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: e37bf587f45ab99132a0607a140de43733237bb9ccf6923a7758e87c7680abfd

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "c8feada71354ec53966b322f16c42bc41bcd4498d3126a3c9f86d0c562fe25e1",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.CL"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.LG",
    "submitted_at": "2021-08-20T20:15:13Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "5f935683f79ee11dadfd6e785b620bb27732b72f3c387000bc5421851ee0a846"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2108.13304",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}