Pith Number

pith:4PVXYA4E

pith:2013:4PVXYA4EWNH4HAD2JX64K2GOUI

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

A Definition and Graphical Representation for Causality

David Heckerman, Ross D. Shachter

arxiv:1302.4956 v2 · 2013-02-20 · cs.AI

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{4PVXYA4EWNH4HAD2JX64K2GOUI}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T02:07:32.374511Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

e3eb7c0384b34fc3807a4dfdc568cea23d28b4a0a628547a56765efb50b140bf

Aliases

arxiv: 1302.4956 · arxiv_version: 1302.4956v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.1302.4956 · pith_short_12: 4PVXYA4EWNH4 · pith_short_16: 4PVXYA4EWNH4HAD2 · pith_short_8: 4PVXYA4E

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/4PVXYA4EWNH4HAD2JX64K2GOUI \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: e3eb7c0384b34fc3807a4dfdc568cea23d28b4a0a628547a56765efb50b140bf

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "411d8cc82deb1a5c630653594c8a416f0c88f8a10f1077cd5d42214e0d4175f1",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.AI",
    "submitted_at": "2013-02-20T15:21:18Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "9e64161e738b53af5bb71541bd9226d01e6c6dde0d2ac113bc0038cd907699c1"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "1302.4956",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}