Pith Number

pith:4VSMVFSR

pith:2018:4VSMVFSRBXAOSXH5UIQXFNNTTN

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

A New Look at the Refund Mechanism in the Bitcoin Payment Protocol

Reihaneh Safavi-Naini, Sepideh Avizheh, Siamak F. Shahandashti

arxiv:1807.01793 v2 · 2018-07-04 · cs.CR

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{4VSMVFSRBXAOSXH5UIQXFNNTTN}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T00:11:16.870153Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

e564ca96510dc0e95cfda22172b5b39b5c1e34aa08e264ad465a6358d8bc4298

Aliases

arxiv: 1807.01793 · arxiv_version: 1807.01793v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.1807.01793 · pith_short_12: 4VSMVFSRBXAO · pith_short_16: 4VSMVFSRBXAOSXH5 · pith_short_8: 4VSMVFSR

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/4VSMVFSRBXAOSXH5UIQXFNNTTN \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: e564ca96510dc0e95cfda22172b5b39b5c1e34aa08e264ad465a6358d8bc4298

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "9f7c9172b6b380e24dd2aa4c463bc8fa5227eb11c7c7fae6cadfdc12be3f1eba",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.CR",
    "submitted_at": "2018-07-04T21:37:29Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "aef7f9d87176bee01e1683afa743c57b354515d13514877f32e2f8dcc0e68296"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "1807.01793",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}