Pith Number

pith:562XPFNR

pith:2026:562XPFNRWP6XANW6ZEL5DVC7W7

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Fate of Secondary Droplets Produced by High-speed Raindrops Interacting with a Liquid Pool

Han-Hsiang Kuo, Xuanting Hao

Simulations of raindrops hitting a liquid pool reveal that secondary droplet numbers scale as radius to the power -5/2 and collapse onto one curve when normalized.

arxiv:2604.10491 v2 · 2026-04-12 · physics.flu-dyn · physics.geo-ph

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{562XPFNRWP6XANW6ZEL5DVC7W7}

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3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

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The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

The secondary droplet size distribution, N_d, is found to scale with the droplet radius, r_s, as N_d(r_s)∝ r_s^{-5/2}, with additional dependencies on surface tension and raindrop diameter. When normalized according to this new scaling law, the N_d(r_s) obtained from simulations with different parameter values collapses onto a single curve.

C2weakest assumption

The direct numerical simulations faithfully reproduce real high-speed drop-pool physics and that the -5/2 scaling plus collapse are not limited to the specific parameter ranges or numerical setups tested.

C3one line summary

Secondary droplet size distribution from raindrop-liquid pool impacts scales as N_d(r_s) ∝ r_s^{-5/2} and collapses onto one curve when normalized by surface tension and raindrop diameter.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-06-30T00:15:09.657431Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

efb57795b1b3fd7036dec917d1d45fb7cf671bcbd3441b8de878ab7a7276a40c

Aliases

arxiv: 2604.10491 · arxiv_version: 2604.10491v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2604.10491 · pith_short_12: 562XPFNRWP6X · pith_short_16: 562XPFNRWP6XANW6 · pith_short_8: 562XPFNR

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Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/562XPFNRWP6XANW6ZEL5DVC7W7 \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: efb57795b1b3fd7036dec917d1d45fb7cf671bcbd3441b8de878ab7a7276a40c

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "885745363e5cc56d51b8ffd1aac0498344dbc4d56754f3b48c420c169329c1f5",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "physics.geo-ph"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "physics.flu-dyn",
    "submitted_at": "2026-04-12T06:50:43Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "fc5c2b95cfed951d70dd8788d2782207e5540f147109ff88ee57905634728f66"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2604.10491",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}