Pith Number

pith:5J2ZX75S

pith:2025:5J2ZX75S75N57ELCEK2ZOOOXAH

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Bit-level BPE: Below the byte boundary

Naoaki Okazaki, Sangwhan Moon, Tatsuya Hiraoka

arxiv:2506.07541 v1 · 2025-06-09 · cs.CL

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{5J2ZX75S75N57ELCEK2ZOOOXAH}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Cited by

1 paper in Pith

The Roots of Performance Disparity in Multilingual Language Models: Intrinsic Modeling Difficulty or Design Choices?

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T11:18:29.104147Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

ea759bffb2ff5bdf916222b59739d701e9ab3b0015bb98903da49ffaaa5cf054

Aliases

arxiv: 2506.07541 · arxiv_version: 2506.07541v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2506.07541 · pith_short_12: 5J2ZX75S75N5 · pith_short_16: 5J2ZX75S75N57ELC · pith_short_8: 5J2ZX75S

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/5J2ZX75S75N57ELCEK2ZOOOXAH \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: ea759bffb2ff5bdf916222b59739d701e9ab3b0015bb98903da49ffaaa5cf054

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "16441cfab3a64f5bae67c5605640b7bd64d2b8fd9b8b9b00cfed11a97f4d8641",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.CL",
    "submitted_at": "2025-06-09T08:28:16Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "c92bc11232c49aff5583a071705dd45110f7cc63166894ec54924f6fbff5bb56"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2506.07541",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}