Pith Number

pith:6CEVFOQG

pith:2026:6CEVFOQGSDCUZ76NKWKRXWZO6D

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Architecture-Induced Recoverability Bias in Differentiable Symbolic Regression

Chakshu Gupta, Theodore J. LaGrow

In symbolic regression the tree architecture determines which targets gradient descent recovers, not the structure's expressiveness.

arxiv:2604.23256 v2 · 2026-04-25 · cs.NE · cs.AI · cs.LG · cs.SC

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\pithnumber{6CEVFOQGSDCUZ76NKWKRXWZO6D}

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2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

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The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

Expressiveness guarantees that a solution exists in the search space, but not that gradient descent finds it: the most expressive structure fails on targets that a restricted alternative solves reliably.

C2weakest assumption

That differences in recovery rates across the three structures are attributable to the tree architecture itself rather than to unstated details of initialization, hyperparameter choices, or the specific set of target functions and operators selected for testing.

C3one line summary

Different fixed tree architectures in gradient-based symbolic regression produce dramatically different recovery rates, with more expressive structures sometimes failing where restricted ones succeed reliably.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-29T01:04:37.472795Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

f08952ba0690c54cffcd55951bdb2ef0f3db291ed3866fc2efc041c58399f1d6

Aliases

arxiv: 2604.23256 · arxiv_version: 2604.23256v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2604.23256 · pith_short_12: 6CEVFOQGSDCU · pith_short_16: 6CEVFOQGSDCUZ76N · pith_short_8: 6CEVFOQG

Agent API

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Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/6CEVFOQGSDCUZ76NKWKRXWZO6D \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: f08952ba0690c54cffcd55951bdb2ef0f3db291ed3866fc2efc041c58399f1d6

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "8ad4544c6da8fa12a93179b1c10ad7f86b1e175f7fccfb0a1908ff747f0fc54c",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.AI",
      "cs.LG",
      "cs.SC"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.NE",
    "submitted_at": "2026-04-25T11:32:09Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "61bdcbe78072cfcf7a91b830ba93ecd7370d39b309ab9006f15516badf5c5d2a"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2604.23256",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}