Pith Number

pith:6U5TRIJ7

pith:2026:6U5TRIJ7TGOIRPIRFP2GEWU3SW

not attested not anchored not stored refs resolved

Primordial Black Hole Formation in Rastall Gravity: Shifted Collapse Threshold and Exponential Abundance Sensitivity

Mayukh R. Gangopadhyay

Rastall gravity shifts the collapse threshold for primordial black holes and makes their abundance exponentially sensitive to the modification parameter.

arxiv:2602.19826 v3 · 2026-02-23 · astro-ph.CO · gr-qc

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\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{6U5TRIJ7TGOIRPIRFP2GEWU3SW}

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Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

within this allowed range PBH production can be altered by orders of magnitude compared to general relativity

C2weakest assumption

The assumption that standard cosmological perturbation theory and the nearly conformal plasma approximation remain valid when the Rastall parameter is non-zero, allowing a direct mapping from the parameter to the shifted collapse threshold.

C3one line summary

In Rastall gravity the collapse threshold for primordial black holes shifts and their abundance becomes exponentially sensitive to the Rastall parameter even inside current observational bounds.

References

88 extracted · 88 resolved · 0 Pith anchors

[1] Inflating Horizon of Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology 2005

[2] B. Carr, F. Kuhnel, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci.70, 355-394 (2020) 2020

[3] B. Carr, S. Clesse, J. Garcia-Bellido, F. Kuhnel, Phys. Dark Univ.44, 101481 (2024) 2024

[4] A. M. Green, B. J. Kavanagh, J. Phys. G48, 043001 (2021) 2021

[5] S. Choudhury and M. Sami, Phys. Rept.1103(2025) 1-276 2025

Formal links

1 machine-checked theorem link

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-20T01:05:09.716346Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

f53b38a13f999c88bd112bf4625a9b95ba96032a9722ae08be2f71895be050dc

Aliases

arxiv: 2602.19826 · arxiv_version: 2602.19826v3 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2602.19826 · pith_short_12: 6U5TRIJ7TGOI · pith_short_16: 6U5TRIJ7TGOIRPIR · pith_short_8: 6U5TRIJ7

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/6U5TRIJ7TGOIRPIRFP2GEWU3SW \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: f53b38a13f999c88bd112bf4625a9b95ba96032a9722ae08be2f71895be050dc

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "272b92e289aaac297bdcd0f5f048e2e70de3f08c1cb792044aa41696b146ae20",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "gr-qc"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "astro-ph.CO",
    "submitted_at": "2026-02-23T13:23:45Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "824574400e4d0df503d28f0f2263ee3b5df953b6c714604482799d6fe3532511"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2602.19826",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 3
  }
}