Pith Number

pith:6WODHBBE

pith:2014:6WODHBBEVLU222ISLIAK3VETCG

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

On the Estimation of Directional Returns to Scale via DEA models

Guoliang Yang, Wanfang Shen, Wenbin Liu, Xiaoxuan Li

arxiv:1405.4526 v1 · 2014-05-18 · math.OC

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{6WODHBBEVLU222ISLIAK3VETCG}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T02:51:40.622452Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

f59c338424aae9ad69125a00add49311a2bc28e79566a03e0299c1d62ff8d55a

Aliases

arxiv: 1405.4526 · arxiv_version: 1405.4526v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.1405.4526 · pith_short_12: 6WODHBBEVLU2 · pith_short_16: 6WODHBBEVLU222IS · pith_short_8: 6WODHBBE

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/6WODHBBEVLU222ISLIAK3VETCG \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: f59c338424aae9ad69125a00add49311a2bc28e79566a03e0299c1d62ff8d55a

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "f849e658053120f43aa4269af17696234079b5c2ef1220dc57bc954f0aeb5490",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "math.OC",
    "submitted_at": "2014-05-18T17:00:58Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "d1fea85c3caa622d5288ecc61a5ad2827bf13692f302ee218fdb060d78b829b7"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "1405.4526",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}