Pith Number

pith:73UKVKFZ

pith:2013:73UKVKFZ7CSYP2URFYHFUW5CM2

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Underestimating Costs in Public Works Projects: Error or Lie?

Bent Flyvbjerg, Mette K. Skamris Holm, S{\o}ren L. Buhl

arxiv:1303.6604 v1 · 2013-03-06 · q-fin.GN

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{73UKVKFZ7CSYP2URFYHFUW5CM2}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T03:29:48.900912Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

fee8aaa8b9f8a587ea912e0e5a5ba266aac3b7f34a35e7d66d859744297630b9

Aliases

arxiv: 1303.6604 · arxiv_version: 1303.6604v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.1303.6604 · pith_short_12: 73UKVKFZ7CSY · pith_short_16: 73UKVKFZ7CSYP2UR · pith_short_8: 73UKVKFZ

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/73UKVKFZ7CSYP2URFYHFUW5CM2 \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: fee8aaa8b9f8a587ea912e0e5a5ba266aac3b7f34a35e7d66d859744297630b9

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "d588c216a91e994b7f2863bb5fb9671d7dcbe1fc519e8eac107a13f6390aeb7b",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "q-fin.GN",
    "submitted_at": "2013-03-06T11:22:51Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "eef4237ef1a4e995674968d4e259b5ed6e625071754cb223268e4be771d270d5"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "1303.6604",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}