Pith Number

pith:AI7ISGNF

pith:2026:AI7ISGNFNFPWZLHK3ILS5Y7NF2

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Strategic Persuasion with Trait-Conditioned Multi-Agent Systems for Iterative Legal Argumentation

Philipp D. Siedler

Heterogeneous teams of trait-conditioned language model agents outperform uniform groups in simulated legal arguments, and a learned orchestrator finds even better strategies.

arxiv:2604.07028 v2 · 2026-04-08 · cs.MA · cs.AI · cs.CL

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Claims

C1strongest claim

heterogeneous teams with complementary traits consistently outperform homogeneous configurations, that moderate interaction depth yields more stable verdicts, and that certain traits (notably quantitative and charismatic) contribute disproportionately to persuasive success. We further introduce a reinforcement-learning-based Trait Orchestrator that dynamically generates defense traits conditioned on the case and opposing team, discovering strategies that outperform static, human-designed trait combinations.

C2weakest assumption

That conditioning LLMs on the nine interpretable traits produces consistent, controllable rhetorical and strategic behaviors that meaningfully approximate real legal persuasion mechanisms, and that verdicts from the synthetic cases provide a valid proxy for strategic success.

C3one line summary

Multi-agent LLM simulations with trait-conditioned agents and a reinforcement-learning orchestrator show heterogeneous teams and dynamic trait selection outperform static configurations in simulated legal argumentation.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-27T01:04:57.727222Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

023e8919a5695f6caceada172ee3ed2e99349dad54a0ceae5db70c1c0414cadb

Aliases

arxiv: 2604.07028 · arxiv_version: 2604.07028v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2604.07028 · pith_short_12: AI7ISGNFNFPW · pith_short_16: AI7ISGNFNFPWZLHK · pith_short_8: AI7ISGNF

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Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/AI7ISGNFNFPWZLHK3ILS5Y7NF2 \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 023e8919a5695f6caceada172ee3ed2e99349dad54a0ceae5db70c1c0414cadb

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "7bf07b8dab26032f0f869d50a8d4e3f46fa6230e5d011114849b46362545911d",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.AI",
      "cs.CL"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.MA",
    "submitted_at": "2026-04-08T12:46:03Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "b34e8c8af2d6170ee63cee937cdd2ddf17429b129299391fdd12ec2674800f13"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2604.07028",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}