Pith Number

pith:BB7MVJVQ

pith:2012:BB7MVJVQVI4QQKWBUBLRW6W3PD

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

On Measurement Bias in Causal Inference

Judea Pearl

arxiv:1203.3504 v1 · 2012-03-15 · stat.ME · cs.AI

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{BB7MVJVQVI4QQKWBUBLRW6W3PD}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Cited by

1 paper in Pith

An adaptive variance estimator for relative sparsity

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T04:00:00.151734Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

087ecaa6b0aa39082ac1a0571b7adb78cf77e748fb2a0c8515706633931315db

Aliases

arxiv: 1203.3504 · arxiv_version: 1203.3504v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.1203.3504 · pith_short_12: BB7MVJVQVI4Q · pith_short_16: BB7MVJVQVI4QQKWB · pith_short_8: BB7MVJVQ

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/BB7MVJVQVI4QQKWBUBLRW6W3PD \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 087ecaa6b0aa39082ac1a0571b7adb78cf77e748fb2a0c8515706633931315db

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "174d75cec4c2da6b47eaaf67826091880c4eefc668b2f006abf86478c05ff9ad",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.AI"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "stat.ME",
    "submitted_at": "2012-03-15T11:17:56Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "2f3230f38f1c90f2ad9a32fc8d67e0b771038e5508543255679a85e19568ec75"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "1203.3504",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}