Pith Number

pith:COQA4XJI

pith:2021:COQA4XJIIZYVRL4TJUH45BSJKL

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

On Measures of Biases and Harms in NLP

Akihiro Nishi, Aubrie Amstutz, Emily Sheng, Jiao Sun, Jieyu Zhao, Jiin Kim, Kai-Wei Chang, Mattie Sanseverino, Nanyun Peng, Sunipa Dev, Yu Hou

arxiv:2108.03362 v2 · 2021-08-07 · cs.CL · cs.CY

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{COQA4XJIIZYVRL4TJUH45BSJKL}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Cited by

5 papers in Pith

Bias in Large Language Models: Origin, Evaluation, and Mitigation

BBQ: A Hand-Built Bias Benchmark for Question Answering

PaLM 2 Technical Report

Social Bias in LLM-Generated Code: Benchmark and Mitigation

PaLM: Scaling Language Modeling with Pathways

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T05:06:28.092463Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

13a00e5d28467158af934d0fce864952fd9ec3271de1184171addaa9a0747c5a

Aliases

arxiv: 2108.03362 · arxiv_version: 2108.03362v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2108.03362 · pith_short_12: COQA4XJIIZYV · pith_short_16: COQA4XJIIZYVRL4T · pith_short_8: COQA4XJI

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/COQA4XJIIZYVRL4TJUH45BSJKL \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 13a00e5d28467158af934d0fce864952fd9ec3271de1184171addaa9a0747c5a

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "f998ef296804600606f9eb4447571b7c0cd2e378dbc352194d4429404ed69703",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.CY"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.CL",
    "submitted_at": "2021-08-07T04:08:47Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "87426accc190556ab042137f1916dcd06d5081b39e8bb94677a8adc953e807f0"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2108.03362",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}