Pith Number

pith:CPLQVOQS

pith:2016:CPLQVOQSWXF7ZCB6VKEN2ZG5HU

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Challenges in Cosmology from the Big Bang to Dark Energy, Dark Matter and Galaxy Formation

Joseph Silk

arxiv:1611.09846 v2 · 2016-11-29 · astro-ph.CO

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{CPLQVOQSWXF7ZCB6VKEN2ZG5HU}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-18T00:47:49.197476Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

13d70aba12b5cbfc883eaa88dd64dd3d0d93f7c48e2789e67d212c9928bbd0b8

Aliases

arxiv: 1611.09846 · arxiv_version: 1611.09846v2 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.1611.09846 · pith_short_12: CPLQVOQSWXF7 · pith_short_16: CPLQVOQSWXF7ZCB6 · pith_short_8: CPLQVOQS

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/CPLQVOQSWXF7ZCB6VKEN2ZG5HU \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 13d70aba12b5cbfc883eaa88dd64dd3d0d93f7c48e2789e67d212c9928bbd0b8

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "e489c1bf678fabaf6399746572c5ac21c724ae315a73e2006b61f278f291c808",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "astro-ph.CO",
    "submitted_at": "2016-11-29T20:58:36Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "672cf05f350b925ff6ec2602566adf300adf3e68cbef874f00ef651bc14ee87b"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "1611.09846",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 2
  }
}