Pith Number

pith:CYJBHKBY

pith:2026:CYJBHKBYTRE5MP4SKF5ST4VG2V

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Trust Me, I'm a Doctor?

Mats Stensrud, Zach Shahn

Combined randomized and observational data yield sharp bounds on how many physicians outperform the trial's best fixed treatment.

arxiv:2605.01050 v3 · 2026-05-01 · stat.AP

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{CYJBHKBYTRE5MP4SKF5ST4VG2V}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

We define a gain score to formalize this comparison and derive sharp bounds on the proportion of physicians whose personal strategies perform at least as well as, or better than, always choosing the better performing treatment from the trial.

C2weakest assumption

The randomized trial is nested within an observational cohort from the same target population so that outcomes are observed under treatment, control, and usual care.

C3one line summary

Sharp bounds are derived on the proportion of physicians whose personal strategies perform at least as well as the trial's better average treatment, using nested randomized and observational data from the same population.

Formal links

2 machine-checked theorem links

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-29T02:05:45.520595Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

161213a8389c49d63f92517b29f2a6d57f69a0d3a6f4789247294a2bec4d2885

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.01050 · arxiv_version: 2605.01050v3 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2605.01050 · pith_short_12: CYJBHKBYTRE5 · pith_short_16: CYJBHKBYTRE5MP4S · pith_short_8: CYJBHKBY

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/CYJBHKBYTRE5MP4SKF5ST4VG2V \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 161213a8389c49d63f92517b29f2a6d57f69a0d3a6f4789247294a2bec4d2885

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "4a4b8ea6f214f08d03fdd7a4af46d71a766b9b6d83528dd16a15d50ba38819a5",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "stat.AP",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-01T19:25:32Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "5eb1155423c5b2c673ac4071dbf9380e7dd90016599b645652a89b1f28be1502"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2605.01050",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 3
  }
}