Pith Number

pith:DBKXPYA5

pith:2026:DBKXPYA5PIS2RPRP3WLGBGW2LF

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After the Interface: Relocating Human Agency in the Age of Conversational AI

Mengke Wu, Mike Yao

Human agency has not diminished in conversational AI but has relocated from interface controls to goal articulation and outcome evaluation.

arxiv:2605.15064 v1 · 2026-05-14 · cs.HC

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\pithnumber{DBKXPYA5PIS2RPRP3WLGBGW2LF}

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Record completeness

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2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

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The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

Agency has not diminished but has relocated. As interaction has shifted from command- and feature-based paradigms toward conversational, generative, and agentic AI, human agency migrates from interface affordances to interaction itself: articulating goals, evaluating outputs, and negotiating outcomes.

C2weakest assumption

That the process-control versus outcome-control distinction provides a sufficient diagnostic lens to demonstrate relocation, and that outcome-based agency remains meaningful rather than illusory even when AI outputs are plausible but unverifiable.

C3one line summary

Human agency relocates from interface affordances to conversational processes of goal articulation, output evaluation, and outcome negotiation in AI interactions.

References

56 extracted · 56 resolved · 0 Pith anchors

[1] Deepak Bhaskar Acharya, Karthigeyan Kuppan, and B Divya. 2025. Agentic ai: Autonomous intelligence for complex goals–a comprehensive survey.IEEe Access (2025) 2025

[2] Dan Bennett, Oussama Metatla, Anne Roudaut, and Elisa D Mekler. 2023. How does HCI understand human agency and autonomy?. InProceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2023

[3] Joanna Bergström, Jarrod Knibbe, Henning Pohl, and Kasper Hornbæk. 2022. Sense of agency and user experience: Is there a link?ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)29, 4 (2022), 1–22 2022

[4] Petter Bae Brandtzaeg, Yukun You, Xi Wang, and Yucong Lao. 2023. “Good” and “bad” machine agency in the context of human-AI communication: The case of ChatGPT. InInternational Conference on Human-Comp 2023

[5] Zana Buçinca, Maja Barbara Malaya, and Krzysztof Z Gajos. 2021. To trust or to think: cognitive forcing functions can reduce overreliance on AI in AI-assisted decision-making.Proceedings of the ACM on 2021

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-17T23:38:54.254363Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

185577e01d7a25a8be2fdd96609ada594cf109bb51be61ebf6d8336f3cb4ed1b

Aliases

arxiv: 2605.15064 · arxiv_version: 2605.15064v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2605.15064 · pith_short_12: DBKXPYA5PIS2 · pith_short_16: DBKXPYA5PIS2RPRP · pith_short_8: DBKXPYA5

Agent API

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Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/DBKXPYA5PIS2RPRP3WLGBGW2LF \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 185577e01d7a25a8be2fdd96609ada594cf109bb51be61ebf6d8336f3cb4ed1b

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "067136b93f5ebe122263bb7ba444ff8d7e81af0858db0a7f10811dd1ae327625",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.HC",
    "submitted_at": "2026-05-14T16:54:57Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "79dd055bf28b7a22a21a942be86b810b539744745c57b0756a5416696792202c"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2605.15064",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}