Pith Number

pith:DUTLKA45

pith:2019:DUTLKA452ICOMOQCUGZBCRYWGE

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Robust Bilevel Optimization for Near-Optimal Lower-Level Solutions

Luce Brotcorne, Mathieu Besan\c{c}on, Miguel F. Anjos

arxiv:1908.04040 v11 · 2019-08-12 · math.OC · cs.GT

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{DUTLKA452ICOMOQCUGZBCRYWGE}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T08:43:04.048775Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

1d26b5039dd204e63a02a1b21147163112481801cf164d6ebdb76be3666abb8b

Aliases

arxiv: 1908.04040 · arxiv_version: 1908.04040v11 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.1908.04040 · pith_short_12: DUTLKA452ICO · pith_short_16: DUTLKA452ICOMOQC · pith_short_8: DUTLKA45

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/DUTLKA452ICOMOQCUGZBCRYWGE \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 1d26b5039dd204e63a02a1b21147163112481801cf164d6ebdb76be3666abb8b

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "782fd70eacd83508f454d6c576ec4da58867fb8575a0868e2936196167c6db48",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.GT"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "math.OC",
    "submitted_at": "2019-08-12T07:56:43Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "bcf4b69549180ea4357bb977acfe729a9f56d9501dbe30eae16d9cbfcf74abad"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "1908.04040",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 11
  }
}