Pith Number

pith:EVL7KP26

pith:2026:EVL7KP26R2UPQENPPK7FTVLVEA

not attested not anchored not stored refs resolved

Cosmological peculiar velocities in general relativity

Chris Clarkson, Roy Maartens

The 1+3 covariant formalism for cosmological perturbations yields exactly the same peculiar velocity growth as standard linear theory when applied consistently.

arxiv:2603.14511 v3 · 2026-03-15 · astro-ph.CO · gr-qc

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{EVL7KP26R2UPQENPPK7FTVLVEA}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Claims

C1strongest claim

When the covariant equations are applied consistently, the 1+3 approach reproduces exactly the standard perturbative result for peculiar-velocity growth.

C2weakest assumption

The assumption that the stronger growth laws claimed in recent work arise from an inconsistent treatment of the coupled covariant system, in which terms constrained by the field equations are treated as if they were independent sources.

C3one line summary

The 1+3 covariant formalism reproduces the standard result for peculiar velocity growth in cosmology and does not imply anomalous bulk flows or apparent acceleration.

References

26 extracted · 26 resolved · 8 Pith anchors

[1] E. Tsaprazi and C. G. Tsagas,Relativistic approach to the kinematics of large-scale peculiar motions,Eur. Phys. J. C80(2020), no. 8 757, [arXiv:1906.05164] 2020

[2] M. Maglara and C. G. Tsagas,Peculiar velocities in the early Universe,Phys. Rev. D106 (2022), no. 8 083505, [arXiv:2207.09824] 2022

[3] C. G. Tsagas,General Relativity and the Bulk-flow Puzzle,Astrophys. J.997(2026), no. 1 25, [arXiv:2404.16719] 2026

[4] C. G. Tsagas,Cosmic deceptions due to peculiar motions,arXiv:2501.04680

[5] G., Perivolaropoulos, L., & Asvesta, K

Formal links

2 machine-checked theorem links

Cited by

2 papers in Pith

Expected redshift drift for tilted observers

Redshift Dipoles from Non-Geodesic Observer Congruences in Covariant Cosmology

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-05-20T01:06:09.018205Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

2557f53f5e8ea8f811af7abe59d5752004c4d8a234ec3908823bf832e749119b

Aliases

arxiv: 2603.14511 · arxiv_version: 2603.14511v3 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2603.14511 · pith_short_12: EVL7KP26R2UP · pith_short_16: EVL7KP26R2UPQENP · pith_short_8: EVL7KP26

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/EVL7KP26R2UPQENPPK7FTVLVEA \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 2557f53f5e8ea8f811af7abe59d5752004c4d8a234ec3908823bf832e749119b

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "1fd846ce53a733f20cde1ff739f781974a71f579622e692c1be41c0cbb4828df",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "gr-qc"
    ],
    "license": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "primary_cat": "astro-ph.CO",
    "submitted_at": "2026-03-15T17:45:57Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "622f36686fe18d48561fd2fa7df52ee00c62f3d00d0ef08b73df58489b51f540"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2603.14511",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 3
  }
}