Pith Number

pith:F5QX4YJG

pith:2025:F5QX4YJGMDHDLFSV5CSD5OWQZP

not attested not anchored not stored refs pending

Buffer is All You Need: Defending Federated Learning against Backdoor Attacks under Non-iids via Buffering

Danjue Chen, Ning Wang, Shixiong Li, Tao Li, Xingyu Lyu, Yang Xiao, Yimin Chen

arxiv:2503.23511 v1 · 2025-03-30 · cs.CR · cs.AI

Open paper page JSON Open Graph Bundle Merged state Verified badge What is a Pith Number?

Add to your LaTeX paper

\usepackage{pith}
\pithnumber{F5QX4YJGMDHDLFSV5CSD5OWQZP}

Prints a linked badge after your title and injects PDF metadata. Compiles on arXiv. Learn more · Embed verified badge

Record completeness

1 Bitcoin timestamp

2 Internet Archive

3 Author claim open · sign in to claim

4 Citations open

5 Replications open

✓ Portable graph bundle live · download bundle · merged state

The bundle contains the canonical record plus signed events. A mirror can host it anywhere and recompute the same current state with the deterministic merge algorithm.

Receipt and verification

First computed	2026-07-05T10:41:37.714809Z
Builder	pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1
Signature	Pith Ed25519 (`pith-v1-2026-05`) · public key
Schema	pith-number/v1.0

Canonical hash

2f617e612660ce359655e8a43ebad0cbf3647965698349310bfa71a5953adc4a

Aliases

arxiv: 2503.23511 · arxiv_version: 2503.23511v1 · doi: 10.48550/arxiv.2503.23511 · pith_short_12: F5QX4YJGMDHD · pith_short_16: F5QX4YJGMDHDLFSV · pith_short_8: F5QX4YJG

Agent API

Resolver JSON Graph JSON Events JSON Schema Signing key

Verify this Pith Number yourself

curl -sH 'Accept: application/ld+json' https://pith.science/pith/F5QX4YJGMDHDLFSV5CSD5OWQZP \
  | jq -c '.canonical_record' \
  | python3 -c "import sys,json,hashlib; b=json.dumps(json.loads(sys.stdin.read()), sort_keys=True, separators=(',',':'), ensure_ascii=False).encode(); print(hashlib.sha256(b).hexdigest())"
# expect: 2f617e612660ce359655e8a43ebad0cbf3647965698349310bfa71a5953adc4a

Canonical record JSON

{
  "metadata": {
    "abstract_canon_sha256": "382a0af83f7c8bd9af000a6d06b4c08d00b35fbce381941c16bb9d115f0ff853",
    "cross_cats_sorted": [
      "cs.AI"
    ],
    "license": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
    "primary_cat": "cs.CR",
    "submitted_at": "2025-03-30T16:46:14Z",
    "title_canon_sha256": "3e8e8ffa47e0d7894611e1125b88e9745d245236acf6e7619ae12a3a7c03a3a3"
  },
  "schema_version": "1.0",
  "source": {
    "id": "2503.23511",
    "kind": "arxiv",
    "version": 1
  }
}